Leviticus 22:8

22:8 He must not eat an animal that has died of natural causes ¹  or an animal torn by beasts and thus become unclean by it. I am the Lord.

Leviticus 15:32

15:32 This is the law of the one with a discharge: the one who has a seminal emission ²  and becomes unclean by it, ³ 

Leviticus 18:20

18:20 You must not have sexual intercourse ⁴  with the wife of your fellow citizen to become unclean with her.

Leviticus 18:23

18:23 You must not have sexual intercourse ⁵  with any animal to become defiled with it, and a woman must not stand before an animal to have sexual intercourse with it; ⁶  it is a perversion. ⁷ 

Leviticus 19:31

19:31 Do not turn to the spirits of the dead and do not seek familiar spirits ⁸  to become unclean by them. I am the Lord your God.

¹ tn Heb “a carcass,” referring to the carcass of an animal that has died on its own, not the carcass of an animal slaughtered for sacrifice or killed by wild beasts. This has been clarified in the translation by supplying the phrase “of natural causes”; cf. NAB “that has died of itself”; TEV “that has died a natural death.”

² tn Heb “and who a lying of seed goes out from him.”

³ tn Heb “to become unclean in it.”

³ tn Heb “And to the wife of your fellow citizen you shall not give your layer for seed.” The meaning of “your layer” (שְׁכָבְתְּךָ, shÿkhavtÿkha) is uncertain (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 122, “you shall not place your layer of semen”; but cf. also J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 283, and the literature cited there for the rendering, “you shall not give your penis for seed”).

⁴ tn See the note on v. 20 above.

⁵ tn Heb “to copulate with it” (cf. Lev 20:16).

⁶ tn The Hebrew term תֶּבֶל (tevel, “perversion”) derives from the verb “to mix; to confuse” and therefore refers to illegitimate mixtures of species or violation of the natural order of things.

⁵ sn The prohibition here concerns those who would seek special knowledge through the spirits of the dead, whether the dead in general or dead relatives in particular (i.e., familiar spirits; see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 321, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 134). Cf. Lev 20:6 below.