Leviticus 24:21

24:21 One who beats an animal to death ¹  must make restitution for it, but ²  one who beats a person to death must be put to death.

Leviticus 24:16-17

24:16 and one who misuses ³  the name of the Lord must surely be put to death. The whole congregation must surely stone him, whether he is a foreigner or a native citizen; when he misuses the Name he must be put to death.

24:17 “‘If a man beats any person to death, ⁴  he must be put to death.

Leviticus 20:15

20:15 If a man has sexual intercourse ⁵  with any animal, he must be put to death, and you must kill the animal.

Leviticus 27:29

27:29 Any human being who is permanently dedicated ⁶  must not be ransomed; such a person must be put to death.

Leviticus 20:9-10

Family Life and Sexual Prohibitions ⁷ 

20:9 “‘If anyone ⁸  curses his father and mother ⁹  he must be put to death. He has cursed his father and mother; his blood guilt is on himself. ¹⁰  20:10 If a man ¹¹  commits adultery with his neighbor’s wife, ¹²  both the adulterer and the adulteress must be put to death.

Leviticus 20:2

20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel ¹³  who gives any of his children ¹⁴  to Molech ¹⁵  must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. ¹⁶ 

¹ sn See the note on v. 18 above.

² tn Heb “and,” but here the Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) is adversative, contrasting the consequences of beating an animal to death with those of beating a person to death.

³ sn See the note on v. 11 above.

⁵ tn Heb “And if a man strikes any soul [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] of mankind.” The idiom seems to derive from the idea of striking a fatal blow to the very “life” (literally, “soul”) of a human being, not just landing a blow on their body (HALOT 698 s.v. נכה hif.2). On the difficult of the meaning and significance of the term נֶפֶשׁ see the notes on Lev 17:10-11.

⁷ tn See the note on Lev 18:20 above.

⁹ tn Heb “permanently dedicated from among men.”

¹¹ sn Compare the regulations in Lev 18:6-23.

¹² tn Heb “If a man a man who.”

¹³ tn Heb “makes light of his father and his mother.” Almost all English versions render this as some variation of “curses his father or mother.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “his blood [plural] is in him.” Cf. NAB “he has forfeited his life”; TEV “is responsible for his own death.”

¹³ tn Heb “And a man who.” The syntax here and at the beginning of the following verses elliptically mirrors that of v. 9, which justifies the rendering as a conditional clause.

¹⁴ tc The reading of the LXX minuscule mss has been followed here (see the BHS footnote a-a). The MT has a dittography, repeating “a man who commits adultery with the wife of” (see the explanation in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 328). The duplication found in the MT is reflected in some English versions, e.g., KJV, ASV, NASB, NIV.

¹⁵ tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”

¹⁶ tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.

¹⁷ tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.

¹⁸ tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).