5:19 So Jesus answered them, 3 “I tell you the solemn truth, 4 the Son can do nothing on his own initiative, 5 but only what he sees the Father doing. For whatever the Father 6 does, the Son does likewise. 7 5:20 For the Father loves the Son and shows him everything he does, and will show him greater deeds than these, so that you will be amazed. 5:21 For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, 8 so also the Son gives life to whomever he wishes. 9 5:22 Furthermore, the Father does not judge 10 anyone, but has assigned 11 all judgment to the Son, 5:23 so that all people 12 will honor the Son just as they honor the Father. The one who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him.
5:24 “I tell you the solemn truth, 13 the one who hears 14 my message 15 and believes the one who sent me has eternal life and will not be condemned, 16 but has crossed over from death to life. 5:25 I tell you the solemn truth, 17 a time 18 is coming – and is now here – when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 5:26 For just as the Father has life in himself, thus he has granted the Son to have life in himself,
5:36 “But I have a testimony greater than that from John. For the deeds 19 that the Father has assigned me to complete – the deeds 20 I am now doing – testify about me that the Father has sent me.
1 sn This verse has been noted for its conceptual similarity to teaching in John’s Gospel (10:15; 17:2). The authority of the Son and the Father are totally intertwined.
2 tn Or “wishes”; or “intends”; or “plans” (cf. BDAG 182 s.v. βούλομαι 2.b). Here it is the Son who has sovereignty.
3 tn Grk “answered and said to them.”
4 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
5 tn Grk “nothing from himself.”
6 tn Grk “that one”; the referent (the Father) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
7 sn What works does the Son do likewise? The same that the Father does – and the same that the rabbis recognized as legitimate works of God on the Sabbath (see note on working in v. 17). (1) Jesus grants life (just as the Father grants life) on the Sabbath. But as the Father gives physical life on the Sabbath, so the Son grants spiritual life (John 5:21; note the “greater things” mentioned in v. 20). (2) Jesus judges (determines the destiny of people) on the Sabbath, just as the Father judges those who die on the Sabbath, because the Father has granted authority to the Son to judge (John 5:22-23). But this is not all. Not only has this power been granted to Jesus in the present; it will be his in the future as well. In v. 28 there is a reference not to spiritually dead (only) but also physically dead. At their resurrection they respond to the Son as well.
8 tn Grk “and makes them live.”
9 tn Grk “the Son makes whomever he wants to live.”
10 tn Or “condemn.”
11 tn Or “given,” or “handed over.”
12 tn Grk “all.” The word “people” is not in the Greek text but is supplied for stylistic reasons and for clarity (cf. KJV “all men”).
13 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
14 tn Or “obeys.”
15 tn Or “word.”
16 tn Grk “and does not come into judgment.”
17 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
18 tn Grk “an hour.”
19 tn Or “works.”
20 tn Grk “complete, which I am now doing”; the referent of the relative pronoun has been specified by repeating “deeds” from the previous clause.
21 tn Or “perishes” (this might refer to spoiling, but is more focused on the temporary nature of this kind of food).
22 tn The referent (the food) has been specified for clarity by repeating the word “food” from the previous clause.
23 tn Grk “on this one.”
24 tn Or “I die willingly.”
25 tn Or “on behalf of” or “for the sake of.”
26 tn Grk “Jesus said to him.”
27 tn Or “I am the way, even the truth and the life.”
28 tn Or “for.” BDAG gives the consecutive ὅτι (Joti) as a possible category of NT usage (BDAG 732 s.v. 5.c).
29 tn Or “in the sight of”; Grk “with.”
30 tn Grk “the God and Father.”
31 tc Most later
32 tn Grk “men”; but here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpous) has generic force, referring to both men and women.