1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the consequential nature of the action described.
2 tn Grk “his”; the referent (the baby) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
3 sn The crowd was sure there had been a mistake, so they appealed to the child’s father. But custom was not to be followed here, since God had spoken. The fact they needed to signal him (made signs) shows that he was deaf as well as unable to speak.
4 tn Grk “what he might wish to call him.”
5 tn Grk “And the.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
6 tn Grk “the”; in context the article is used as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).
7 tn L&N 57.19 notes that in nonbiblical contexts in which the word οὐσία (ousia) occurs, it refers to considerable possessions or wealth, thus “estate.”
8 tn L&N 57.3, “to belong to or come to belong to, with the possible implication of by right or by inheritance.”
9 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the father’s response to the younger son’s request.
10 tn Grk “the”; in context the article is used as a possessive pronoun (ExSyn 215).
11 sn He divided his assets between them. There was advice against doing this in the OT Apocrypha (Sir 33:20). The younger son would get half of what the older son received (Deut 21:17).
9 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
10 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the boy) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
11 sn At this point the boy was thrown down in another convulsion by the demon. See L&N 23.168.
12 tn See L&N 23.167-68, where the second verb συσπαράσσω (susparassw) is taken to mean the violent shaking associated with the convulsions, thus the translation here “and shook him with convulsions.”
13 tn Or “commanded” (often with the implication of a threat, L&N 33.331).
14 sn This is a reference to an evil spirit. See Luke 4:33.
13 tn There is dispute whether this phrase belongs to the end of v. 52 or begins v. 53. Given the shift of object, a connection to v. 53 is slightly preferred.
17 tn Grk “but answering, he said.” This is somewhat redundant in contemporary English and has been simplified to “but he answered.”
18 tn Or simply, “have served,” but in the emotional context of the older son’s outburst the translation given is closer to the point.
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to bring out the contrast indicated by the context.
20 sn You never gave me even a goat. The older son’s complaint was that the generous treatment of the younger son was not fair: “I can’t get even a little celebration with a basic food staple like a goat!”