Luke 10:9

10:9 Heal ¹  the sick in that town ²  and say to them, ‘The kingdom of God ³  has come upon ⁴  you!’

Luke 21:20

The Desolation of Jerusalem

21:20 “But when you see Jerusalem ⁵  surrounded ⁶  by armies, then know that its ⁷  desolation ⁸  has come near.

Luke 10:11

10:11 ‘Even the dust of your town ⁹  that clings to our feet we wipe off ¹⁰  against you. ¹¹  Nevertheless know this: The kingdom of God has come.’ ¹² 

Luke 21:8

21:8 He ¹³  said, “Watch out ¹⁴  that you are not misled. For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’ ¹⁵  and, ‘The time is near.’ Do not follow them!

¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

² tn Grk “in it”; the referent (that town) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ sn The kingdom of God is a major theme of Jesus. It is a realm in which Jesus rules and to which those who trust him belong. See Luke 6:20; 11:20; 17:20-21.

⁴ tn Or “come near to you,” suggesting the approach (but not arrival) of the kingdom. But the combination of the perfect tense of ἐγγίζω (engizw) with the preposition ἐπί (epi) most likely suggests that the sense is “has come upon” (see BDAG 270 s.v. ἐγγίζω 2; W. R. Hutton, “The Kingdom of God Has Come,” ExpTim 64 [Dec 1952]: 89-91; and D. L. Bock, Luke [BECNT], 2:1000; cf. also NAB “is at hand for you”). These passages argue that a key element of the kingdom is its ability to overcome the power of Satan and those elements in the creation that oppose humanity. Confirmation of this understanding comes in v. 18 and in Luke 11:14-23, especially the parable of vv. 21-23.

⁵ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

⁶ sn See Luke 19:41-44. This passage refers to the events associated with the fall of Jerusalem, when the city is surrounded by armies.

⁷ tn Grk “her,” referring to the city of Jerusalem (the name “Jerusalem” in Greek is a feminine noun).

⁸ sn The phrase its desolation is a reference to the fall of the city, which is the only antecedent present in Luke’s account. The parallels to this in Matt 24:15 and Mark 13:14 refer to the temple’s desolation, though Matthew’s allusion is clearer. They focus on the parallel events of the end, not on the short term realization in a.d. 70. The entire passage has a prophetic “two events in one” typology, where the near term destruction (a.d. 70) is like the end. So the evangelists could choose to focus on the near time realization (Luke) or on its long term fulfillment, which mirrors it (Matthew, Mark).

⁹ tn Or “city.”

¹⁰ sn See Luke 9:5, where the verb is different but the meaning is the same. This was a sign of rejection.

¹¹ tn Here ὑμῖν (Jumin) has been translated as a dative of disadvantage.

¹² tn Or “has come near.” As in v. 9 (see above), the combination of ἐγγίζω (engizw) with the preposition ἐπί (epi) is decisive in showing that the sense is “has come” (see BDAG 270 s.v. ἐγγίζω 2, and W. R. Hutton, “The Kingdom of God Has Come,” ExpTim 64 [Dec 1952]: 89-91).

¹³ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

¹⁴ tn Or “Be on guard.”

¹⁵ tn That is, “I am the Messiah.”