16:10 “The one who is faithful in a very little 1 is also faithful in much, and the one who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much.
2:27 he 8 will rule 9 them with an iron rod 10
and like clay jars he will break them to pieces, 11
2:28 just as I have received the right to rule 12 from my Father – and I will give him the morning star. 13 2:29 The one who has an ear had better hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’
1 sn The point of the statement faithful in a very little is that character is shown in how little things are treated.
2 tn This verb is future indicative, and thus not subordinate to “grant” (διατίθεμαι, diatiqemai) as part of the result clause beginning with ἵνα ἔσθητε ({ina esqhte) at the beginning of v. 30. It is better understood as a predictive future.
3 sn The statement you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel looks at the future authority the Twelve will have when Jesus returns. They will share in Israel’s judgment.
4 tn Grk “His master said to him.”
5 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
6 tn Grk “keeps.” In a context that speaks of “holding on to what you have,” the idea here is one of continued faithful behavior (BDAG 1002 s.v. τηρέω 3 has “ὁ τηρῶν τὰ ἔργα μου the one who takes my deeds to heart Rv 2:26”).
7 tn Or “over the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
9 tn Grk “will shepherd.”
10 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”
11 sn A quotation from Ps 2:9 (with the line introducing the quotation containing a partial allusion to Ps 2:8). See also Rev 12:5, 19:15.
12 tn What has been received is not specified in the Greek text, but must be supplied from the context. In the light of the two immediately preceding verses about rulership or dominion, it seems that the implied direct object of δώσω (dwsw) is “the right to rule” (i.e., ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν ποιμάνειν, ecein exousian poimanein), although many modern translations supply the word “authority” here (so NAB, NRSV, NLT).
13 tn On this expression BDAG 892 s.v. πρωϊνός states, “early, belonging to the morning ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ πρ. the morning star, Venus Rv 2:28; 22:16.”