Luke 3:15

3:15 While the people were filled with anticipation ¹  and they all wondered ²  whether perhaps John ³  could be the Christ, ⁴ 

Luke 3:1

The Ministry of John the Baptist

3:1 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, ⁵  when Pontius Pilate ⁶  was governor of Judea, and Herod ⁷  was tetrarch ⁸  of Galilee, and his brother Philip ⁹  was tetrarch of the region of Iturea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias ¹⁰  was tetrarch of Abilene,

¹ tn Or “with expectation.” The participle προσδοκῶντος (prosdokwnto") is taken temporally.

² tn Grk “pondered in their hearts.”

³ tn Grk “in their hearts concerning John, (whether) perhaps he might be the Christ.” The translation simplifies the style here.

⁴ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

⁵ tn Or “Emperor Tiberius” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

⁶ sn The rule of Pontius Pilate is also described by Josephus, J. W. 2.9.2-4 (2.169-177) and Ant. 18.3.1 (18.55-59).

⁷ sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great. He ruled from 4 b.c.-a.d. 39, sharing the rule of his father’s realm with his two brothers. One brother, Archelaus (Matt 2:22) was banished in a.d. 6 and died in a.d. 18; the other brother, Herod Philip (mentioned next) died in a.d. 34.

⁸ sn A tetrarch was a ruler with rank and authority lower than a king, who ruled only with the approval of the Roman authorities. This was roughly equivalent to being governor of a region. Several times in the NT, Herod tetrarch of Galilee is called a king (Matt 14:9, Mark 6:14-29), reflecting popular usage.

⁹ sn Philip refers to Herod Philip, son of Herod the Great and brother of Herod Antipas. Philip ruled as tetrarch of Iturea and Trachonitis from 4 b.c.-a.d. 34.

¹⁰ sn Nothing else is known about Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene.