8:22 One 1 day Jesus 2 got into a boat 3 with his disciples and said to them, “Let’s go across to the other side of the lake.” So 4 they set out, 8:23 and as they sailed he fell asleep. Now a violent windstorm 5 came down on the lake, 6 and the boat 7 started filling up with water, and they were in danger. 8:24 They 8 came 9 and woke him, saying, “Master, Master, 10 we are about to die!” So 11 he got up and rebuked 12 the wind and the raging waves; 13 they died down, and it was calm. 8:25 Then 14 he said to them, “Where is your faith?” 15 But they were afraid and amazed, 16 saying to one another, “Who then is this? He commands even the winds and the water, 17 and they obey him!”
8:26 So 18 they sailed over to the region of the Gerasenes, 19 which is opposite 20 Galilee. 8:27 As 21 Jesus 22 stepped ashore, 23 a certain man from the town 24 met him who was possessed by demons. 25 For a long time this man 26 had worn no clothes and had not lived in a house, but among 27 the tombs. 8:28 When he saw 28 Jesus, he cried out, fell 29 down before him, and shouted with a loud voice, “Leave me alone, 30 Jesus, Son of the Most High 31 God! I beg you, do not torment 32 me!” 8:29 For Jesus 33 had started commanding 34 the evil 35 spirit to come out of the man. (For it had seized him many times, so 36 he would be bound with chains and shackles 37 and kept under guard. But 38 he would break the restraints and be driven by the demon into deserted 39 places.) 40 8:30 Jesus then 41 asked him, “What is your name?” He 42 said, “Legion,” 43 because many demons had entered him. 8:31 And they began to beg 44 him not to order 45 them to depart into the abyss. 46 8:32 Now a large herd of pigs was feeding there on the hillside, 47 and the demonic spirits 48 begged Jesus 49 to let them go into them. He gave them permission. 50 8:33 So 51 the demons came out of the man and went into the pigs, and the herd of pigs 52 rushed down the steep slope into the lake and drowned. 8:34 When 53 the herdsmen saw what had happened, they ran off and spread the news 54 in the town 55 and countryside. 8:35 So 56 the people went out to see what had happened, and they came to Jesus. They 57 found the man from whom the demons had gone out, sitting at Jesus’ feet, clothed and in his right mind, and they were afraid. 8:36 Those 58 who had seen it told them how the man who had been demon-possessed had been healed. 59 8:37 Then 60 all the people of the Gerasenes 61 and the surrounding region 62 asked Jesus 63 to leave them alone, 64 for they were seized with great fear. 65 So 66 he got into the boat and left. 67 8:38 The man from whom the demons had gone out begged to go 68 with him, but Jesus 69 sent him away, saying, 8:39 “Return to your home, 70 and declare 71 what God has done for you.” 72 So 73 he went away, proclaiming throughout the whole town 74 what Jesus 75 had done for him.
1 tn Grk “Now it happened that one.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here δέ (de) has not been translated either.
2 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
3 sn A boat that held all the disciples would be of significant size.
4 tn Grk “lake, and.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the response to Jesus’ request. In addition, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
5 tn Or “a squall.”
6 sn A violent windstorm came down on the lake. The Sea of Galilee is located in a depression some 700 ft (200 m) below sea level and is surrounded by hills. Frequently a rush of wind and the right mix of temperatures can cause a storm to come suddenly on the lake. Storms on the Sea of Galilee were known for their suddenness and violence.
7 tn Grk “they were being swamped,” but English idiom speaks of the boat being swamped rather than the people in it, so the referent (the boat) has been supplied to reflect this usage.
9 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
10 tn The participle προσελθόντες (proselqonte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
11 tn The double vocative shows great emotion.
12 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the connection to the preceding events.
13 tn Or “commanded” (often with the implication of a threat, L&N 33.331).
14 sn Who has authority over the seas and winds is discussed in the OT: Ps 104:3; 135:7; 107:23-30. When Jesus rebuked the wind and the raging waves he was making a statement about who he was.
13 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
14 sn “Where is your faith?” The call is to trust God and realize that those who exercise faith can trust in his care.
15 sn The combination of fear and respect (afraid and amazed) shows that the disciples are becoming impressed with the great power at work in Jesus, a realization that fuels their question. For a similar reaction, see Luke 5:9.
16 sn Jesus’ authority over creation raised a question for the disciples about who he was exactly (“Who then is this?”). This verse shows that the disciples followed Jesus even though they did not know all about him yet.
17 tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate a summary and transition in the narrative.
18 tc The textual tradition here is quite complicated. Most
19 sn That is, across the Sea of Galilee from Galilee.
21 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
22 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
23 tn Grk “stepped out on land.”
24 tn Or “city.”
25 tn Grk “who had demons.”
26 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the demon-possessed man) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
27 tn Or “in.”
25 tn Grk “And seeing.” The participle ἰδών (idwn) has been taken temporally. Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
26 tn Grk “and fell,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
27 tn Grk “What to me and to you?” (an idiom). The phrase τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί (ti emoi kai soi) is Semitic in origin, though it made its way into colloquial Greek (BDAG 275 s.v. ἐγώ). The equivalent Hebrew expression in the OT had two basic meanings: (1) When one person was unjustly bothering another, the injured party could say “What to me and to you?” meaning, “What have I done to you that you should do this to me?” (Judg 11:12; 2 Chr 35:21; 1 Kgs 17:18). (2) When someone was asked to get involved in a matter he felt was no business of his own, he could say to the one asking him, “What to me and to you?” meaning, “That is your business, how am I involved?” (2 Kgs 3:13; Hos 14:8). These nuances were apparently expanded in Greek, but the basic notions of defensive hostility (option 1) and indifference or disengagement (option 2) are still present. BDAG suggests the following as glosses for this expression: What have I to do with you? What have we in common? Leave me alone! Never mind! Hostility between Jesus and the demons is certainly to be understood in this context, hence the translation: “Leave me alone….”
28 sn On the title Most High see Luke 1:35.
29 sn The demons’ plea “do not torment me” is a recognition of Jesus’ inherent authority over evil forces. The request is that Jesus not bother them. There was an appointed time in which demons would face their judgment, and they seem to have viewed Jesus’ arrival on the scene as an illegitimate change in God’s plan regarding the time when their sentence would be executed.
29 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
30 tc ‡ Although the external evidence favors the aorist παρήγγειλεν (parhngeilen, “he commanded”; Ì75 B Θ Ξ Ψ Ë13 579 700 1241 1424 2542 pm), the internal evidence favors the imperfect παρήγγελλεν (parhngellen, here translated “he had started commanding”; א A C K L W Γ Δ 1 33 565 892 pm). The aorist is suspect because it can more easily be taken as a single command, and thus an immediate exorcism. The imperfect would most likely be ingressive (BDF §§328; 329; 331), suggesting that Jesus started to command the evil spirit to depart, and continued the command.
31 tn Grk “unclean.”
32 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so,” introducing a clause that gives the result of the man being seized by the demon.
33 tn Or “fetters”; these were chains for the feet.
34 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
35 tn Grk “into the deserts.” The plural use here has been translated as “deserted places,” that is, uninhabited areas.
36 sn This is a parenthetical, explanatory comment by the author.
33 tn Grk “And Jesus.” Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to pick up the sequence of the narrative prior to the parenthetical note by the author.
34 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
35 sn The name Legion means “thousands,” a word taken from a Latin term for a large group of soldiers. The term not only suggests a multiple possession, but also adds a military feel to the account. This is a true battle.
37 tn One could also translate the imperfect tense here with a repetitive force like “begged him repeatedly.”
38 tn Or “command.”
39 tn This word, ἄβυσσος (abusso"), is a term for the place where the dead await the judgment. It also could hold hostile spirits according to Jewish belief (Jub. 5:6-7; 1 En. 10:4-6; 18:11-16).
41 tn Grk “mountain,” but this might give the English reader the impression of a far higher summit.
42 tn Grk “they”; the referent (the demonic spirits) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
43 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
44 sn Many have discussed why Jesus gave them permission, since the animals were destroyed. However, this is another example of a miracle that is a visual lesson. The demons are destructive: They were destroying the man. They destroyed the pigs. They destroy whatever they touch. The point was to take demonic influence seriously, as well as Jesus’ power over it as a picture of the larger battle for human souls. There would be no doubt how the man’s transformation had taken place.
45 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate a conclusion and transition in the narrative.
46 tn The words “of pigs” are supplied because of the following verb in English, “were drowned,” which is plural.
49 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
50 tn Or “reported it.” This verb is used three times in the next few verses (vv. 36, 37), showing how the healing became a major topic of conversation in the district.
51 tn Or “city.”
53 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the people’s response to the report.
54 tn Grk “Jesus, and they.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
57 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
58 tn Or “had been delivered”; Grk “had been saved.” This should not be understood as an expression for full salvation. They were only discussing the healing.
61 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
62 tc See the tc note on “Gerasenes” in v. 26 for the same geographical options for the textual variants.
63 tn Grk “all the people of the surrounding region of the Gerasenes,” but according to L&N 1.80, “περίχωρος may include not only the surrounding region but also the point of reference, for example…‘the Gerasenes and the people living around them’ Lk 8:37.”
64 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
65 tn Or “to depart from them.”
66 sn Again there is great fear at God’s activity, but there is a different reaction. Some people want nothing to do with God’s presence. Mark 5:16 hints that economic reasons motivated their request.
67 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate that Jesus’ departure was the result of the Gerasenes’ response. A new sentence was started in the translation at this point for stylistic reasons.
68 tn Grk “returned,” but the effect is that he departed from the Gerasene region.
65 tn Grk “be,” that is, “remain.” In this context that would involve accompanying Jesus as he went on his way.
66 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
69 tn Grk “your house.”
70 tn Or “describe.”
71 sn Jesus instructs the man to declare what God has done for him, in contrast to the usual instructions (e.g., 8:56; 9:21) to remain silent. Here in Gentile territory Jesus allowed more open discussion of his ministry. D. L. Bock (Luke [BECNT], 1:781) suggests that with few Jewish religious representatives present, there would be less danger of misunderstanding Jesus’ ministry as political.
72 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the man’s response to Jesus’ instructions.
73 tn Or “city.”
74 sn Note that the man could not separate what God had done from the one through whom God had done it (what Jesus had done for him). This man was called to witness to God’s goodness at home.