13:9 “You must watch out for yourselves. You will be handed over 2 to councils 3 and beaten in the synagogues. 4 You will stand before governors and kings 5 because of me, as a witness to them.
1 sn Corban is a Hebrew loanword (transliterated in the Greek text and in most modern English translations) referring to something that has been set aside as a gift to be given to God at some later date, but which is still in the possession of the owner (L&N 53.22). According to contemporary Jewish tradition the person who made this claim was absolved from responsibility to support or assist his parents, a clear violation of the Mosaic law to honor one’s parents (v. 10).
2 tn Grk “They will hand you over.” “They” is an indefinite plural, referring to people in general. The parallel in Matt 10:17 makes this explicit.
3 sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
4 sn See the note on synagogue in 1:21.
5 sn These statements look at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of councils and synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to governors and kings suggests. Some fulfillment of Jewish persecution can be seen in Acts.
3 tn Grk “while they were reclined at the table.”
4 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
5 tn Or “will hand me over”; Grk “one of you will betray me, the one who eats with me.”
4 tn The word means “Father” in Aramaic.
5 sn This cup alludes to the wrath of God that Jesus would experience (in the form of suffering and death) for us. See Ps 11:6; 75:8-9; Isa 51:17, 19, 22 for this figure.