1:5 During the reign 6 of Herod 7 king of Judea, there lived a priest named Zechariah who belonged to 8 the priestly division of Abijah, 9 and he had a wife named Elizabeth, 10 who was a descendant of Aaron. 11 1:6 They 12 were both righteous in the sight of God, following 13 all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blamelessly. 14 1:7 But they did not have a child, because Elizabeth was barren, 15 and they were both very old. 16
1 tn Grk “to attain to.”
2 sn Life in the age to come is different than life here (they neither marry nor are given in marriage). This means Jesus’ questioners had made a false assumption that life was the same both now and in the age to come.
3 sn The call to be alert at all times is a call to remain faithful in looking for the Lord’s return.
4 tn For the translation of μέλλω (mellw) as “must,” see L&N 71.36.
5 sn These two small copper coins were lepta (sing. “lepton”), the smallest and least valuable coins in circulation in Palestine, worth one-half of a quadrans or 1/128 of a denarius, or about six minutes of an average daily wage. This was next to nothing in value.
6 tn Grk “It happened that in the days.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
7 sn Herod was Herod the Great, who ruled Palestine from 37
8 tn Grk “of”; but the meaning of the preposition ἐκ (ek) is more accurately expressed in contemporary English by the relative clause “who belonged to.”
9 sn There were twenty-four divisions of priesthood and the priestly division of Abijah was eighth on the list according to 1 Chr 24:10.
10 tn Grk “and her name was Elizabeth.”
11 tn Grk “a wife of the daughters of Aaron.”
12 tn Grk “And they.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
13 tn Grk “walking in” (an idiom for one’s lifestyle).
14 tn The predicate adjective has the effect of an adverb here (BDF §243).
15 sn Elizabeth was barren. Both Zechariah and Elizabeth are regarded by Luke as righteous in the sight of God, following all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blamelessly (v. 6). With this language, reminiscent of various passages in the OT, Luke is probably drawing implicit comparisons to the age and barrenness of such famous OT personalities as Abraham and Sarah (see, e.g., Gen 18:9-15), the mother of Samson (Judg 13:2-5), and Hannah, the mother of Samuel (1 Sam 1:1-20). And, as it was in the case of these OT saints, so it is with Elizabeth: After much anguish and seeking the Lord, she too is going to have a son in her barrenness. In that day it was a great reproach to be childless, for children were a sign of God’s blessing (cf. Gen 1:28; Lev 20:20-21; Pss 127 and 128; Jer 22:30). As the dawn of salvation draws near, however, God will change this elderly couple’s grief into great joy and grant them the one desire time had rendered impossible.
16 tn Grk “were both advanced in days” (an idiom for old age).
17 tn Grk “a few names”; here ὄνομα (onoma) is used by figurative extension to mean “person” or “people”; according to L&N 9.19 there is “the possible implication of existence or relevance as individuals.”
18 tn Or “soiled” (so NAB, NRSV, NIV); NCV “have kept their clothes unstained”; CEV “have not dirtied your clothes with sin.”
19 tn The word “dressed” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.