4:1 What then shall we say that Abraham, our ancestor according to the flesh, 19 has discovered regarding this matter? 20
1 tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
2 tn Or “commanded” (often with the implication of a threat, L&N 33.331).
3 sn Who has authority over the seas and winds is discussed in the OT: Ps 104:3; 135:7; 107:23-30. When Jesus rebuked the winds and the sea he was making a statement about who he was.
4 tn Or “becoming aware of it.”
5 tn Grk “Those of little faith.”
6 tn Or “discussing.”
7 tn Grk “For truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.” Here γάρ (gar) has not been translated.
8 tn Grk “faith as,” “faith like.”
9 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
10 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
11 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Abraham) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
12 tn Grk “who against hope believed,” referring to Abraham. The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
13 sn A quotation from Gen 17:5.
14 tn Grk “according to that which had been spoken.”
15 sn A quotation from Gen 15:5.
16 tc Most
17 tc ‡ Most witnesses (א A C D Ψ 33 Ï bo) have ἤδη (hdh, “already”) at this point in v. 19. But B F G 630 1739 1881 pc lat sa lack it. Since it appears to heighten the style of the narrative and since there is no easy accounting for an accidental omission, it is best to regard the shorter text as original. NA27 includes the word in brackets, indicating doubt as to its authenticity.
18 tn Grk “And he.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, δέ (de) has not been translated here.
19 tn Or “according to natural descent” (BDAG 916 s.v. σάρξ 4).
20 tn Grk “has found?”
21 tn This contrast is clearer and stronger in Greek than can be easily expressed in English.
22 tn Grk “those who [are] from selfish ambition.”
23 tn Grk “are persuaded by, obey.”
24 tn Grk “a man of two minds,” continuing the description of the person in v. 7, giving the reason that he cannot expect to receive anything. The word for “man” or “individual” is ἀνήρ (anhr), which often means “male” or “man (as opposed to woman).” But it sometimes is used generically to mean “anyone,” “a person,” as here (cf. BDAG 79 s.v. 2).