Micah 5:3

5:3 So the Lord will hand the people of Israel over to their enemies

until the time when the woman in labor gives birth.

Then the rest of the king’s countrymen will return

to be reunited with the people of Israel.

Micah 5:1

5:1 (4:14) But now slash yourself, daughter surrounded by soldiers! 10 

We are besieged!

With a scepter 11  they strike Israel’s ruler 12 

on the side of his face.


tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn Heb “them”; the referent (the people of Israel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn The words “to their enemies” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

sn The woman in labor. Personified, suffering Jerusalem is the referent. See 4:9-10.

sn Gives birth. The point of the figurative language is that Jerusalem finally finds relief from her suffering. See 4:10.

tn Heb “his”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn Heb “to the sons of Israel.” The words “be reunited with” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

sn Beginning with 5:1, the verse numbers through 5:15 in the English Bible differ by one from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 5:1 ET = 4:14 HT, 5:2 ET = 5:1 HT, 5:3 ET = 5:2 HT, etc., through 5:15 ET = 5:14 HT. From 6:1 the verse numbers in the English Bible and the Hebrew Bible are again the same.

tn The Hebrew verb גָדַד (gadad) can be translated “slash yourself” or “gather in troops.” A number of English translations are based on the latter meaning (e.g., NASB, NIV, NLT).

10 tn Heb “daughter of a troop of warriors.”

11 tn Or “staff”; KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “rod”; CEV “stick”; NCV “club.”

12 tn Traditionally, “the judge of Israel” (so KJV, NASB).