Matthew 28:3-5

28:3 His ¹  appearance was like lightning, and his clothes were white as snow. 28:4 The ²  guards were shaken and became like dead men because they were so afraid of him. 28:5 But the angel said ³  to the women, “Do not be afraid; I know ⁴  that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. ⁵ 

Mark 16:5-6

16:5 Then ⁶  as they went into the tomb, they saw a young man dressed in a white robe ⁷  sitting on the right side; and they were alarmed. 16:6 But he said to them, “Do not be alarmed. You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. ⁸  He has been raised! ⁹  He is not here. Look, there is the place where they laid him.

Luke 24:3-7

24:3 but when they went in, they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus. ¹⁰  24:4 While ¹¹  they were perplexed ¹²  about this, suddenly ¹³  two men stood beside them in dazzling ¹⁴  attire. 24:5 The ¹⁵  women ¹⁶  were terribly frightened ¹⁷  and bowed ¹⁸  their faces to the ground, but the men said to them, “Why do you look for the living ¹⁹  among the dead? 24:6 He is not here, but has been raised! ²⁰  Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee, ²¹  24:7 that ²²  the Son of Man must be delivered ²³  into the hands of sinful men, ²⁴  and be crucified, ²⁵  and on the third day rise again.” ²⁶ 

Luke 24:22-23

24:22 Furthermore, some women of our group amazed us. ²⁷  They ²⁸  were at the tomb early this morning, 24:23 and when they did not find his body, they came back and said they had seen a vision of angels, ²⁹  who said he was alive.

¹ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

² tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

³ tn Grk “But answering, the angel said.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.

⁴ tn Grk “for I know.”

⁵ sn See the note on crucified in 20:19.

⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

⁷ sn Mark does not explicitly identify the young man dressed in a white robe as an angel (though the white robe suggests this), but Matthew does (Matt 28:2).

⁸ sn See the note on Crucify in 15:13.

⁹ tn The verb here is passive (ἠγέρθη, hgerqh). This “divine passive” (see ExSyn 437-38) points to the fact that Jesus was raised by God.

¹⁰ tc The translation follows the much better attested longer reading here, “body of the Lord Jesus” (found in {Ì⁷⁵ א A B C L W Θ Ψ Ë^1,13 33 565 700 Ï}), rather than simply “the body” (found in D it) or “the body of Jesus” (found in 579 1241 pc). Further, although this is the only time that “Lord Jesus” occurs in Luke, it seems to be Luke’s normal designation for the Lord after his resurrection (note the many references to Christ in this manner in Acts, e.g., 1:21; 4:33; 7:59; 8:16; 11:17; 15:11; 16:31; 19:5; 20:21; 28:31). Although such a longer reading as this would normally be suspect, in this case some scribes, accustomed to Luke’s more abbreviated style, did not take the resurrection into account.

¹¹ tn Grk “And it happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

¹² tn Or “bewildered.” The term refers to a high state of confusion and anxiety.

¹³ tn Grk “behold.”

¹⁴ sn The brilliantly shining clothing (dazzling attire) points to the fact that these are angels (see 24:23).

¹⁵ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

¹⁶ tn Grk “they”; the referent (the women) has been specified in the translation for clarity (the same has been done in v. 8).

¹⁷ tn Or “They were extremely afraid.”

¹⁸ sn Bowed their faces to the ground. Such respect for angels is common: Dan 7:28; 10:9, 15.

¹⁹ sn By referring to Jesus as the living, the angels make it clear that he is alive. There should be no surprise.

²⁰ tc The phrase “He is not here, but has been raised” is omitted by a few mss (D it), but it has wide ms support and differs slightly from the similar statement in Matt 28:6 and Mark 16:6. Although NA²⁷ places the phrase at the beginning of v. 6, as do most modern English translations, it is omitted from the RSV and placed at the end of v. 5 in the NRSV.

²¹ sn While he was still in Galilee looks back to the beginning of Jesus’ ministry. So the point is that this was announced long ago, and should come as no surprise.

²² tn Grk “saying that,” but this would be redundant in English. Although the translation represents this sentence as indirect discourse, the Greek could equally be taken as direct discourse: “Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee: ‘the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and on the third day rise again.’”

²³ tn See Luke 9:22, 44; 13:33.

²⁴ tn Because in the historical context the individuals who were primarily responsible for the death of Jesus (the Jewish leadership in Jerusalem in Luke’s view [see Luke 9:22]) would have been men, the translation “sinful men” for ἀνθρώπων ἁμαρτωλῶν (anqrwpwn Jamartwlwn) is retained here.

²⁵ sn See the note on crucify in 23:21.

²⁶ tn Here the infinitive ἀναστῆναι (anasthnai) is active rather than passive.

²⁷ sn The account in 24:1-12 is repeated here, and it is clear that the other disciples were not convinced by the women, but could not explain the events either.

²⁸ tn In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence, but because of the length and complexity of the construction a new sentence was started here in the translation.

²⁹ sn The men in dazzling attire mentioned in v. 4 are identified as angels here.