14:11 The Lord said to Moses, “How long will this people despise 1 me, and how long will they not believe 2 in me, in spite of the signs that I have done among them?
1:34 When the Lord heard you, he became angry and made this vow: 6 1:35 “Not a single person 7 of this evil generation will see the good land that I promised to give to your ancestors! 1:36 The exception is Caleb son of Jephunneh; 8 he will see it and I will give him and his descendants the territory on which he has walked, because he has wholeheartedly followed me.” 9 1:37 As for me, the Lord was also angry with me on your account. He said, “You also will not be able to go there. 1:38 However, Joshua son of Nun, your assistant, 10 will go. Encourage him, because he will enable Israel to inherit the land. 11 1:39 Also, your infants, who you thought would die on the way, 12 and your children, who as yet do not know good from bad, 13 will go there; I will give them the land and they will possess it. 1:40 But as for you, 14 turn back and head for the desert by the way to the Red Sea.” 15
95:11 So I made a vow in my anger,
‘They will never enter into the resting place I had set aside for them.’” 16
3:8 “Do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion, in the day of testing in the wilderness.
3:9 “There your fathers tested me and tried me, 18 and they saw my works for forty years.
3:10 “Therefore, I became provoked at that generation and said, ‘Their hearts are always wandering 19 and they have not known my ways.’
3:11 “As I swore in my anger, ‘They will never enter my rest!’” 20
3:12 See to it, 21 brothers and sisters, 22 that none of you has 23 an evil, unbelieving heart that forsakes 24 the living God. 25 3:13 But exhort one another each day, as long as it is called “Today,” that none of you may become hardened by sin’s deception. 3:14 For we have become partners with Christ, if in fact we hold our initial confidence 26 firm until the end. 3:15 As it says, 27 “Oh, that today you would listen as he speaks! 28 Do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion.” 29 3:16 For which ones heard and rebelled? Was it not all who came out of Egypt under Moses’ leadership? 30 3:17 And against whom was God 31 provoked for forty years? Was it not those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness? 32 3:18 And to whom did he swear they would never enter into his rest, except those who were disobedient? 3:19 So 33 we see that they could not enter because of unbelief.
1 tn The verb נָאַץ (na’ats) means “to condemn, spurn” (BDB 610 s.v.). Coats suggests that in some contexts the word means actual rejection or renunciation (Rebellion in the Wilderness, 146, 7). This would include the idea of distaste.
2 tn The verb “to believe” (root אָמַן, ’aman) has the basic idea of support, dependability for the root. The Hiphil has a declarative sense, namely, to consider something reliable or dependable and to act on it. The people did not trust what the
3 sn This is the oath formula, but in the Pentateuch it occurs here and in v. 28.
4 tn The word אִם (’im) indicates a negative oath formula: “if” means “they will not.” It is elliptical. In a human oath one would be saying: “The
5 tn Or “your corpses” (also in vv. 32, 33).
6 tn Heb “and swore,” i.e., made an oath or vow.
7 tn Heb “Not a man among these men.”
8 sn Caleb had, with Joshua, brought back to Israel a minority report from Canaan urging a conquest of the land, for he was confident of the
9 tn Heb “the
10 tn Heb “the one who stands before you”; NAB “your aide”; TEV “your helper.”
11 tn Heb “it”; the referent (the land) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
12 tn Heb “would be a prey.”
13 sn Do not know good from bad. This is a figure of speech called a merism (suggesting a whole by referring to its extreme opposites). Other examples are the tree of “the knowledge of good and evil” (Gen 2:9), the boy who knows enough “to reject the wrong and choose the right” (Isa 7:16; 8:4), and those who “cannot tell their right hand from their left” (Jonah 4:11). A young child is characterized by lack of knowledge.
14 tn The Hebrew pronoun is plural, as are the following verbs, indicating that Moses and the people are addressed (note v. 41).
15 tn Heb “the Reed Sea.” “Reed” is a better translation of the Hebrew סוּף (suf), traditionally rendered “red.” The name “Red Sea” is based on the LXX which referred to it as ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης (eruqra" qalassh", “red sea”). Nevertheless, because the body of water in question is known in modern times as the Red Sea, this term was used in the translation. The part of the Red Sea in view here is not the one crossed in the exodus but its eastern arm, now known as the Gulf of Eilat or Gulf of Aqaba.
16 tn Heb “my resting place.” The promised land of Canaan is here viewed metaphorically as a place of rest for God’s people, who are compared to sheep (see v. 7).
17 tn Heb “I lifted up my hand.”
18 tn Grk “tested me by trial.”
19 tn Grk “they are wandering in the heart.”
20 tn Grk “if they shall enter my rest,” a Hebrew idiom expressing an oath that something will certainly not happen.
21 tn Or “take care.”
22 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.
23 tn Grk “that there not be in any of you.”
24 tn Or “deserts,” “rebels against.”
25 tn Grk “in forsaking the living God.”
26 tn Grk “the beginning of the confidence.”
27 tn Grk “while it is said.”
28 tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”
29 sn A quotation from Ps 95:7b-8.
30 tn Grk “through Moses.”
31 tn Grk “he”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.
32 sn An allusion to God’s judgment pronounced in Num 14:29, 32.
33 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “So” to indicate a summary or conclusion to the argument of the preceding paragraph.