1 tn The expression is “in/by/against their life.” That they sinned against their life means that they brought ruin to themselves.
2 tn The form is the perfect tense with vav (ו) consecutive. But there is no expressed subject for “and they shall make them,” and so it may be treated as a passive (“they shall [must] be made”).
3 tn Heb “from the seed of.”
4 tn Heb “hand.”