22:3 You are holy;
you sit as king receiving the praises of Israel. 1
50:23 Whoever presents a thank-offering honors me. 2
To whoever obeys my commands, I will reveal my power to deliver.” 3
51:3 Certainly the Lord will console Zion;
he will console all her ruins.
He will make her wilderness like Eden,
her desert like the Garden of the Lord.
Happiness and joy will be restored to 4 her,
thanksgiving and the sound of music.
“Holy Holy Holy is the Lord God, the All-Powerful, 8
Who was and who is, and who is still to come!”
4:9 And whenever the living creatures give glory, honor, 9 and thanks to the one who sits on the throne, who lives forever and ever, 4:10 the twenty-four elders throw themselves to the ground 10 before the one who sits on the throne and worship the one who lives forever and ever, and they offer their crowns 11 before his 12 throne, saying:
7:9 After these things I looked, and here was 16 an enormous crowd that no one could count, made up of persons from every nation, tribe, 17 people, and language, standing before the throne and before the Lamb dressed in long white robes, and with palm branches in their hands. 7:10 They were shouting out in a loud voice,
“Salvation belongs to our God, 18
to the one seated on the throne, and to the Lamb!”
1 tn Heb “[O] one who sits [on] the praises of Israel.” The verb “receiving” is supplied in the translation for clarity. The metaphorical language pictures the
2 sn The reference to a thank-offering recalls the earlier statement made in v. 14. Gratitude characterizes genuine worship.
3 tn Heb “and [to one who] sets a way I will show the deliverance of God.” Elsewhere the phrase “set a way” simply means “to travel” (see Gen 30:36; cf. NRSV). The present translation assumes an emendation of וְשָׂם דֶּרֶךְ (vÿsam derekh) to וְשֹׁמֵר דְּרָכַּי (vÿshomer dÿrakhay, “and [the one who] keeps my ways” [i.e., commands, see Pss 18:21; 37:34). Another option is to read וְשֹׁמֵר דַּרְכּוֹ (vÿshomer darko, “and [the one who] guards his way,” i.e., “the one who is careful to follow a godly lifestyle”; see Ps 39:1).
4 tn Heb “found in” (so NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
5 tn Grk “six wings apiece,” but this is redundant with “each one” in English.
6 tn Some translations render ἔσωθεν (eswqen) as “under [its] wings,” but the description could also mean “filled all around on the outside and on the inside with eyes.” Since the referent is not available to the interpreter, the exact force is difficult to determine.
7 tn Or “They never stop saying day and night.”
8 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
9 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
10 tn Grk “the twenty-four elders fall down.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
11 sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.
12 tn The pronoun “his” is understood from the demonstrative force of the article τοῦ (tou) before θρόνου (qronou).
13 tn Grk “fell down.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב. has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
14 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
15 sn This interpretive comment by the author forms a parenthesis in the narrative.
16 tn The phrase “and here was” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).
17 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated before each of the following categories, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
18 tn The dative here has been translated as a dative of possession.