50:18 When you see a thief, you join him; 1
you associate with men who are unfaithful to their wives. 2
73:27 Yes, 3 look! Those far from you 4 die;
you destroy everyone who is unfaithful to you. 5
57:3 But approach, you sons of omen readers,
you offspring of adulteresses and prostitutes! 6
9:2 (9:1) I wish I had a lodging place in the desert
where I could spend some time like a weary traveler. 7
Then I would desert my people
and walk away from them
because they are all unfaithful to God,
a congregation 8 of people that has been disloyal to him. 9
3:1 The Lord said to me, “Go, show love to 10 your wife 11 again, even though she loves 12 another man 13 and continually commits adultery. 14 Likewise, the Lord loves 15 the Israelites 16 although they turn to other gods and love to offer raisin cakes to idols.” 17
1 tn Heb “you run with him.”
2 tn Heb “and with adulterers [is] your portion.”
3 tn Or “for.”
4 sn The following line defines the phrase far from you in a spiritual sense. Those “far” from God are those who are unfaithful and disloyal to him.
5 tn Heb “everyone who commits adultery from you.”
6 tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “offspring of an adulterer [masculine] and [one who] has committed adultery.” Perhaps the text has suffered from transposition of vav (ו) and tav (ת) and מְנָאֵף וַתִּזְנֶה (mÿna’ef vattizneh) should be emended to מְנָאֶפֶת וְזֹנָה (mÿna’efet vÿzonah, “an adulteress and a prostitute”). Both singular nouns would be understood in a collective sense. Most modern English versions render both forms as nouns.
7 tn Heb “I wish I had in the desert a lodging place [inn, or place to spend the night] for travelers.”
8 tn Or “bunch,” but this loses the irony; the word is used for the solemn assemblies at the religious feasts.
9 tn Heb “they are all adulterers, a congregation of unfaithful people.” However, spiritual adultery is, of course, meant, not literal adultery. So the literal translation would be misleading.
10 tn Heb “Go again! Love!” Cf. NAB “Give your love to.”
11 tn Heb “a woman.” The probable referent is Gomer. Some English translations (e.g., NIV, NLT) specify the referent as “your wife.”
12 tc The MT vocalizes אֲהֻבַת (’ahuvat) as a construct form of the Qal passive participle and takes רֵעַ (rea’) as a genitive of agent: “who is loved by רֵעַ.” However, the ancient versions (LXX, Syriac, Vulgate) all vocalize אֲהֻבַת as an absolute form of the Qal active participle, and take רֵעַ as the accusative direct object: “who loves רֵעַ.” The English translations consistently follow the MT. The editors of BHS suggest the revocalization but with some reservation. For discussion of the vocalization, see D. Barthélemy, ed., Preliminary and Interim Report on the Hebrew Old Testament Text Project, 5:230.
13 tn The meaning of the noun רֵעַ (rea’) is debated because it has a broad range of meanings: (1) “friend,” (2) “lover,” (3) “companion,” (4) “neighbor,” and (5) “another” (HALOT 1253-55 s.v. II רֵעַ; BDB 945-46 s.v. II רֵעַ). The Hebrew lexicons favor the nuance “lover; paramour” here (HALOT 1255 s.v. 2; BDB 946 s.v. 1). Most scholars adopt the same approach; however, a few suggest that רֵעַ does not refer to another man, but to her husband (Hosea). Both approaches are reflected in English translations: NASB “a woman who is loved by her husband”; NIV “though she is loved by another”; NAB “a woman beloved of a paramour”; KJV “a woman beloved of her friend”; NJPS “a woman who, while befriended by a companion”; TEV “a woman who is committing adultery with a lover”; CEV “an unfaithful woman who has a lover.”
14 tn Heb “love a woman who is loved of a lover and is an adulteress.”
15 tn Heb “like the love of the
16 tn Heb “sons of Israel” (so NASB); KJV “children of Israel”; NAB “people of Israel.”
17 tn Heb “they are lovers of cakes of raisins.” A number of English translations render this literally (e.g., ASV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).
18 tn Grk “But answering, he said to them.” This construction is somewhat redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.