89:22 No enemy will be able to exact tribute 1 from him; 2
a violent oppressor will not be able to humiliate him. 3
89:23 I will crush his enemies before him;
I will strike down those who hate him.
60:18 Sounds of violence 4 will no longer be heard in your land,
or the sounds of 5 destruction and devastation within your borders.
You will name your walls, ‘Deliverance,’
and your gates, ‘Praise.’
28:24 “‘No longer will Israel suffer from the sharp briers 6 or painful thorns of all who surround and scorn them. 7 Then they will know that I am the sovereign Lord.
2:18 “At that time 8 I will make a covenant for them with the wild animals,
the birds of the air, and the creatures that crawl on the ground.
I will abolish 9 the warrior’s bow and sword
– that is, every weapon of warfare 10 – from the land,
and I will allow them to live securely.” 11
1 tn Heb “an enemy will not exact tribute.” The imperfect is understood in a modal sense, indicating capability or potential.
2 tn The translation understands the Hiphil of נָשַׁא (nasha’) in the sense of “act as a creditor.” This may allude to the practice of a conqueror forcing his subjects to pay tribute in exchange for “protection.” Another option is to take the verb from a homonymic verbal root meaning “to deceive,” “to trick.” Still another option is to emend the form to יִשָּׂא (yisa’), a Qal imperfect from נָאַשׂ (na’as, “rise up”) and to translate “an enemy will not rise up against him” (see M. Dahood, Psalms [AB], 2:317).
3 tn Heb “and a son of violence will not oppress him.” The imperfect is understood in a modal sense, indicating capability or potential. The reference to a “son of violence” echoes the language of God’s promise to David in 2 Sam 7:10 (see also 1 Chr 17:9).
4 tn The words “sounds of” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
5 tn The words “sounds of” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
6 sn Similar language is used in reference to Israel’s adversaries in Num 33:55; Josh 23:13.
7 tn Heb “and there will not be for the house of Israel a brier that pricks and a thorn that inflicts pain from all the ones who surround them, the ones who scorn them.”
8 tn Heb “And in that day” (so KJV, ASV).
9 tn Heb “I will break”; NAB “I will destroy”; NCV “I will smash”; NLT “I will remove.”
10 tn Heb “bow and sword and warfare.” The first two terms in the triad וְקֶשֶׁת וְחֶרֶב וּמִלְחָמָה (vÿqeshet vÿkherev umilkhamah, literally, “bow and sword and warfare”) are examples of synecdoche of specific (bow and sword) for general (weapons of war, so CEV). However, they might be examples of metonymy (bow and sword) of association (warfare).
11 tn Heb “and I will cause them to lie down in safety.” The causative nuance (“will make them”) is retained in several English versions (e.g., KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).
12 tn Grk “God, and he.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated.
13 tn For the translation of ἀπέρχομαι (apercomai; here ἀπῆλθαν [aphlqan]) L&N 13.93 has “to go out of existence – ‘to cease to exist, to pass away, to cease.’”