44:23 Rouse yourself! Why do you sleep, O Lord?
Wake up! 1 Do not reject us forever!
44:26 Rise up and help us!
Rescue us 2 because of your loyal love!
22:1 Then Joshua summoned the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh
10:6 I sent him 7 against a godless 8 nation,
I ordered him to attack the people with whom I was angry, 9
to take plunder and to carry away loot,
to trample them down 10 like dirt in the streets.
25:10 For the Lord’s power will make this mountain secure. 11
Moab will be trampled down where it stands, 12
as a heap of straw is trampled down in 13 a manure pile.
63:3 “I have stomped grapes in the winepress all by myself;
no one from the nations joined me.
I stomped on them 14 in my anger;
I trampled them down in my rage.
Their juice splashed on my garments,
and stained 15 all my clothes.
63:4 For I looked forward to the day of vengeance,
and then payback time arrived. 16
63:5 I looked, but there was no one to help;
I was shocked because there was no one offering support. 17
So my right arm accomplished deliverance;
my raging anger drove me on. 18
63:6 I trampled nations in my anger,
I made them drunk 19 in my rage,
I splashed their blood on the ground.” 20
1:3 Look, 21 the Lord is coming out of his dwelling place!
He will descend and march on the earth’s mountaintops! 22
1 sn Wake up! See Ps 35:23.
2 tn Or “redeem us.” See Pss 25:22; 26:11; 69:18; 119:134.
3 tn Heb “Joshua.” The translation has replaced the proper name with the pronoun (“he”) because a repetition of the proper name here would be redundant according to English style.
4 tn Or “Draw near.”
5 tn Or “drew near.”
6 tn This statement is subordinated to v. 1 in the Hebrew text, which reads literally, “When Adoni-Zedek…they feared greatly.” The subject of the plural verb at the beginning of v. 2 is probably the residents of Jerusalem.
7 sn Throughout this section singular forms are used to refer to Assyria; perhaps the king of Assyria is in view (see v. 12).
8 tn Or “defiled”; cf. ASV “profane”; NAB “impious”; NCV “separated from God.”
9 tn Heb “and against the people of my anger I ordered him.”
10 tn Heb “to make it [i.e., the people] a trampled place.”
11 tn Heb “for the hand of the Lord will rest on this mountain”; TEV “will protect Mount Zion”; NCV “will protect (rest on NLT) Jerusalem.”
12 tn Heb “under him,” i.e., “in his place.”
13 tc The marginal reading (Qere) is בְּמוֹ (bÿmo, “in”). The consonantal text (Kethib) has בְּמִי (bÿmi, “in the water of”).
14 sn Nations, headed by Edom, are the object of the Lord’s anger (see v. 6). He compares military slaughter to stomping on grapes in a vat.
15 tn Heb “and I stained.” For discussion of the difficult verb form, see HALOT 170 s.v. II גאל. Perhaps the form is mixed, combining the first person forms of the imperfect (note the alef prefix) and perfect (note the תי- ending).
16 tn Heb “for the day of vengeance was in my heart, and the year of my revenge came.” The term גְּאוּלַי (gÿ’ulai) is sometimes translated here “my redemption,” for the verbal root גאל often means “deliver, buy back.” A גֹּאֵל (go’el, “kinsman-redeemer”) was responsible for protecting the extended family’s interests, often by redeeming property that had been sold outside the family. However, the responsibilities of a גֹּאֵל extended beyond financial concerns. He was also responsible for avenging the shed blood of a family member (see Num 35:19-27; Deut 19:6-12). In Isa 63:4, where vengeance is a prominent theme (note the previous line), it is probably this function of the family protector that is in view. The Lord pictures himself as a blood avenger who waits for the day of vengeance to arrive and then springs into action.
17 sn See Isa 59:16 for similar language.
18 tn Heb “and my anger, it supported me”; NIV “my own wrath sustained me.”
19 sn See Isa 49:26 and 51:23 for similar imagery.
20 tn Heb “and I brought down to the ground their juice.” “Juice” refers to their blood (see v. 3).
21 tn Or “For look.” The expression כִּי־הִנֵּה (ki-hinneh) may function as an explanatory introduction (“For look!”; Isa 26:21; 60:2; 65:17, 18: 66:15; Jer 1:15; 25:29; 30:10; 45:5; 46:27; 50:9; Ezek 30:9; 36:9; Zech 2:10; 3:8), or as an emphatic introduction (“Look!”; Jdgs 3:15; Isa 3:1; Jer 8:17; 30:3; 49:15; Hos 9:6; Joel 3:1 [HT 4:1]; Amos 4:2, 13; 6:11, 14; 9:9; Hab 1:6; Zech 2:9 [HT 2:13]; Zech 3:9; 11:16).
22 tn Or “high places” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).