80:18 Then we will not turn away from you.
Revive us and we will pray to you! 1
26:19 2 Your dead will come back to life;
your corpses will rise up.
Wake up and shout joyfully, you who live in the ground! 3
For you will grow like plants drenched with the morning dew, 4
and the earth will bring forth its dead spirits. 5
6:1 “Come on! Let’s return to the Lord!
He himself has torn us to pieces,
but he will heal us!
He has injured 6 us,
but he will bandage our wounds!
6:2 He will restore 7 us in a very short time; 8
he will heal us in a little while, 9
so that we may live in his presence.
‘The Lord said to my lord,
“Sit 20 at my right hand
1 tn Heb “and in your name we will call.”
2 sn At this point the Lord (or prophet) gives the people an encouraging oracle.
3 tn Heb “dust” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
4 tn Heb “for the dew of lights [is] your dew.” The pronominal suffix on “dew” is masculine singular, like the suffixes on “your dead” and “your corpses” in the first half of the verse. The statement, then, is addressed to collective Israel, the speaker in verse 18. The plural form אוֹרֹת (’orot) is probably a plural of respect or magnitude, meaning “bright light” (i.e., morning’s light). Dew is a symbol of fertility and life. Here Israel’s “dew,” as it were, will soak the dust of the ground and cause the corpses of the dead to spring up to new life, like plants sprouting up from well-watered soil.
5 sn It is not certain whether the resurrection envisioned here is intended to be literal or figurative. A comparison with 25:8 and Dan 12:2 suggests a literal interpretation, but Ezek 37:1-14 uses resurrection as a metaphor for deliverance from exile and the restoration of the nation (see Isa 27:12-13).
6 tn “has struck”; NRSV “struck down.”
7 tn The Piel of חָיָה (khayah) may mean: (1) to keep/preserve persons alive from the threat of premature death (1 Kgs 20:31; Ezek 13:18; 18:27); (2) to restore the dead to physical life (Deut 32:39; 1 Sam 2:6; cf. NCV “will put new life in us”); or (3) to restore the dying back to life from the threat of death (Ps 71:20; BDB 311 s.v. חָיָה).
8 tn Heb “after two days” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV). The expression “after two days” is an idiom meaning “after a short time” (see, e.g., Judg 11:4; BDB 399 s.v. יוֹם 5.a).
9 tn Heb “on the third day” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV), which parallels “after two days” and means “in a little while.” The “2-3” sequence is an example of graded numerical parallelism (Prov 30:15-16, 18-19, 21-23, 24-28, 29-31). This expresses the unrepentant overconfidence of Israel that the
10 tn Grk “Whom God raised up.”
11 tn Or “having freed.”
12 sn The term translated pains is frequently used to describe pains associated with giving birth (see Rev 12:2). So there is irony here in the mixed metaphor.
13 tn Or “for him to be held by it” (in either case, “it” refers to death’s power).
14 tn Or “of him”; Grk “of which [or whom] we are all witnesses” (Acts 1:8).
15 tn The aorist participle ὑψωθείς (Juywqei") could be taken temporally: “So then, after he was exalted…” In the translation the more neutral “exalted” (a shorter form of “having been exalted”) was used to preserve the ambiguity of the original Greek.
16 sn The expression the right hand of God represents supreme power and authority. Its use here sets up the quotation of Ps 110:1 in v. 34.
17 tn The aorist participle λαβών (labwn) could be taken temporally: “So then, after he was exalted…and received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit.” In the translation the more neutral “having received” was used to preserve the ambiguity of the original Greek.
18 tn Here the genitive τοῦ πνεύματος (tou pneumato") is a genitive of apposition; the promise consists of the Holy Spirit.
19 sn The use of the verb poured out looks back to 2:17-18, where the same verb occurs twice.
20 sn Sit at my right hand. The word “sit” alludes back to the promise of “seating one on his throne” in v. 30.