Revelation 1:15

1:15 His feet were like polished bronze ¹  refined ²  in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar ³  of many waters.

Revelation 19:6

The Wedding Celebration of the Lamb

19:6 Then ⁴  I heard what sounded like the voice of a vast throng, like the roar of many waters and like loud crashes of thunder. They were shouting: ⁵ 

“Hallelujah!

For the Lord our God, ⁶  the All-Powerful, ⁷  reigns!

Psalms 93:4

93:4 Above the sound of the surging water, ⁸ 

and the mighty waves of the sea,

the Lord sits enthroned in majesty. ⁹ 

Isaiah 17:13

17:13 Though these people make an uproar as loud as the roaring of powerful waves, ¹⁰ 

when he shouts at ¹¹  them, they will flee to a distant land,

driven before the wind like dead weeds on the hills,

or like dead thistles ¹²  before a strong gale.

Ezekiel 43:2

43:2 I saw ¹³  the glory of the God of Israel ¹⁴  coming from the east; ¹⁵  the sound was like that of rushing water; ¹⁶  and the earth radiated ¹⁷  his glory.

¹ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears nowhere else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 2:18), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 2:18 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

² tn Or “that has been heated in a furnace until it glows.”

³ tn Grk “sound,” but the idea is closer to the roar of a waterfall or rapids.

⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

⁵ tn Grk “like the voice of a large crowd…saying.” Because of the complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the words “They were.”

⁶ tc Several mss (א² P 1611 2053 2344 pc Ï^K lat ) read “the Lord our God” (κύριος ὁ θεός ἡμῶν, kurio" Jo qeo" Jhmwn). Other important mss (A 1006 1841 pc), however, omit the “our” (ἡμῶν). Further, certain mss (051 Ï^A) omit “Lord” (κύριος), while others (including א*) change the order of the statement to “God our Lord” (ὁ θεός ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν). The expression “the Lord God, the All-Powerful” occurs in 6 other places in Revelation (1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22) and the pronoun “our” is never used. Scribes familiar with the expression in this book, and especially with the frequent κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ (kurio" Jo qeo" Jo pantokratwr; “the Lord God, the All-Powerful”) in the OT Prophets (LXX; cf. Jer 39:19; Hos 12:6; Amos 3:13; 4:13; 5:8, 14, 15, 16, 27; 9:5, 6, 15; Nah 3:5; Zech 10:3), would naturally omit the pronoun. Its presence may have arisen due to liturgical motivations or to conform to the expression “our God” in 19:1, 5, but this seems much less likely than an aversion to using the pronoun here and only here in the Greek Bible in the fuller title κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ.

⁷ tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22…κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν ὁ π. Rv 19:6.”

⁸ tn Heb “mighty waters.”

⁹ tn Heb “mighty on high [is] the Lord.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “the peoples are in an uproar like the uproar of mighty waters.”

¹¹ tn Or “rebukes.” The verb and related noun are used in theophanies of God’s battle cry which terrifies his enemies. See, for example, Pss 18:15; 76:7; 106:9; Isa 50:2; Nah 1:4, and A. Caquot, TDOT 3:49-53.

¹² tn Or perhaps “tumbleweed” (NAB, NIV, CEV); KJV “like a rolling thing.”

¹³ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

¹⁴ sn This same title appears in 8:4; 9:3; 10:19; and 11:22.

¹⁵ sn Earlier Ezekiel had observed God leaving the temple to the east (11:23).

¹⁶ sn See Ezek 1:24; Rev 1:15; 14:2; 19:6.

¹⁷ tn Heb “shone from.”