1:7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, 1
and every eye will see him,
even 2 those who pierced him, 3
and all the tribes 4 on the earth will mourn because 5 of him.
This will certainly come to pass! 6 Amen.) 7
7:1 After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth so no wind could blow on the earth, on the sea, or on any tree.
12:7 Then 14 war broke out in heaven: Michael 15 and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back.
14:4 These are the ones who have not defiled themselves 25 with women, for they are virgins. These are the ones who follow the Lamb wherever he goes. These were redeemed from humanity as firstfruits to God and to the Lamb,
1 sn An allusion to Dan 7:13.
2 tn Here καί (kai) was translated as ascensive.
3 sn An allusion to Zech 12:10.
4 tn In this context, tribes (φυλαί, fulai) could also be translated as “nations” or “peoples” (L&N 11.56).
5 tn The conjunction ἐπί (epi) is most likely causal here. The people who crucified him are those of every tribe on the earth and they will mourn because he comes as judge.
6 tn Grk “Yes, Amen.” The expression “This will certainly come to pass” is an attempt to capture the force of the juxtaposition of the Greek ναί (nai) and the Hebrew ἀμήν (amhn). See L&N 69.1.
7 sn These lines are placed in parentheses because they form an aside to the main argument.
8 tn Grk “The one who conquers, to him I will grant.”
9 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
10 tn Grk “I will give [grant] to him.”
11 tn Or “have been victorious”; traditionally, “have overcome.”
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
16 tn Grk “fell upon.”
22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
23 sn The archangel Michael had a special role in protecting the nation of Israel in the OT (Dan 10:13, 21; 12:1; see also Jude 9).
29 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the woman’s escape.
30 tn Grk “her seed” (an idiom for offspring, children, or descendants).
31 tn Or “who obey.”
32 tn Grk “and having.”
33 tn Grk “the testimony of Jesus,” which may involve a subjective genitive (“Jesus’ testimony”) or, more likely, an objective genitive (“testimony about Jesus”).
34 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
35 tc Grk ἐστάθη (estaqh, “he stood”). The reading followed by the translation is attested by the better
36 tn Or “sandy beach” (L&N 1.64).
37 sn The standard critical texts of the Greek NT, NA27 and UBS4, both include this sentence as 12:18, as do the RSV and NRSV. Other modern translations like the NASB and NIV include the sentence at the beginning of 13:1; in these versions chap. 12 has only 17 verses.
36 tn The aorist passive verb is rendered as a reflexive (“defiled themselves”) by BDAG 657 s.v. μολύνω 2.
43 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
44 tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
50 tn See BDAG 636 s.v. μετά A.2.a.α.
57 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel introduced in v. 1) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
58 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
59 tn Or “and shut.” While the lexical force of the term is closer to “shut,” it is acceptable to render the verb ἔκλεισεν (ekleisen) as “locked” here in view of the mention of the key in the previous verse.
64 tn Or “dwelling place”; traditionally, “tabernacle”; literally “tent.”
65 tn Or “people”; Grk “men” (ἀνθρώπων, anqrwpwn), a generic use of the term. In the translation “human beings” was used here because “people” occurs later in the verse and translates a different Greek word (λαοί, laoi).
66 tn Grk “men, and he.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
67 tc ‡ Most