1:8 “I am the Alpha and the Omega,” 1 says the Lord God – the one who is, and who was, and who is still to come – the All-Powerful! 2
2:8 “To 3 the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following: 4
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 5 the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but 6 came to life:
2:12 “To 8 the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following: 9
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 10 the one who has the sharp double-edged sword: 11
17:15 Then 12 the angel 13 said to me, “The waters you saw (where the prostitute is seated) are peoples, multitudes, 14 nations, and languages.
1 tc The shorter reading “Omega” (ὦ, w) has superior ms evidence ({א1 A C 1611}) to the longer reading which includes “the beginning and the end” (ἀρχὴ καὶ τέλος or ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλος, arch kai telo" or Jh arch kai to telo"), found in א*,2 1854 2050 2329 2351 ÏA lat bo. There is little reason why a scribe would have deleted the words, but their clarifying value and the fact that they harmonize with 21:6 indicate that they are a secondary addition to the text.
2 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
3 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
4 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
5 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.
5 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
8 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
9 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
10 sn On the sharp double-edged sword see 1:16.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
10 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
11 tn Grk “and multitudes,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here and before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.