12:1 Then 1 a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and with the moon under her feet, and on her head was a crown of twelve stars. 2 12:2 She 3 was pregnant and was screaming in labor pains, struggling 4 to give birth. 12:3 Then 5 another sign appeared in heaven: a huge red dragon that had seven heads and ten horns, and on its heads were seven diadem crowns. 6 12:4 Now 7 the dragon’s 8 tail swept away a third of the stars in heaven and hurled them to the earth. Then 9 the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that he might devour her child as soon as it was born. 12:5 So 10 the woman gave birth to a son, a male child, 11 who is going to rule 12 over all the nations 13 with an iron rod. 14 Her 15 child was suddenly caught up to God and to his throne, 12:6 and she 16 fled into the wilderness 17 where a place had been prepared for her 18 by God, so she could be taken care of 19 for 1,260 days.
12:7 Then 20 war broke out in heaven: Michael 21 and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back. 12:8 But 22 the dragon was not strong enough to prevail, 23 so there was no longer any place left 24 in heaven for him and his angels. 25
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
2 sn Sun…moon…stars. This imagery is frequently identified with the nation Israel because of Joseph’s dream in Gen 37.
3 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
4 tn Grk “and being tortured,” though βασανίζω (basanizw) in this context refers to birth pangs. BDAG 168 s.v. 2.b states, “Of birth-pangs (Anth. Pal. 9, 311 βάσανος has this mng.) Rv 12:2.” The καί (kai) has not been translated.
5 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
6 tn For the translation of διάδημα (diadhma) as “diadem crown” see L&N 6.196.
7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate that this remark is virtually parenthetical.
8 tn Grk “its”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the conclusion of the anticipated birth.
11 tn On this term BDAG 135 s.v. ἄρσην states: “male…The neut. ἄρσεν Rv 12:5, difft. vs. 13, comes fr. Is 66:7 and is in apposition to υἱόν. On the juxtaposition s. FBoll, ZNW 15, 1914, 253; BOlsson, Glotta 23, ’34, 112.”
12 tn Grk “shepherd.”
13 tn Or “all the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
14 tn Or “scepter.” The Greek term ῥάβδος (rJabdo") can mean either “rod” or “scepter.”
15 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
16 tn Grk “and the woman,” which would be somewhat redundant in English.
17 tn Or “desert.”
18 tn Grk “where she has there a place prepared by God.”
19 tn Grk “so they can take care of her.”
20 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
21 sn The archangel Michael had a special role in protecting the nation of Israel in the OT (Dan 10:13, 21; 12:1; see also Jude 9).
22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the implied contrast.
23 tn The words “to prevail” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
24 tn Grk “found.”
25 tn Grk “for them”; the referent (the dragon and his angels, v. 7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.