7:13 Then 4 one of the elders asked 5 me, “These dressed in long white robes – who are they and where have they come from?”
9:13 Then 8 the sixth angel blew his trumpet, and I heard a single voice coming from the 9 horns on the golden altar that is before God,
13:11 Then 12 I saw another beast 13 coming up from the earth. He 14 had two horns like a lamb, 15 but 16 was speaking like a dragon.
16:17 Finally 23 the seventh angel 24 poured out his bowl into the air and a loud voice came out of the temple from the throne, saying: “It is done!”
18:20 (Rejoice over her, O heaven,
and you saints and apostles and prophets,
for God has pronounced judgment 27 against her on your behalf!) 28
20:1 Then 29 I saw an angel descending from heaven, holding 30 in his hand the key to the abyss and a huge chain.
22:1 Then 31 the angel 32 showed me the river of the water of life – water as clear as crystal – pouring out 33 from the throne of God and of the Lamb,
1 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
2 tn Grk “onto a bed,” in this context an idiom for severe illness (L&N 23.152).
3 tn Or “into great distress.” The suffering here is not specified as physical or emotional, and could involve persecution.
3 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
4 tn Grk “spoke” or “declared to,” but in the context “asked” reads more naturally in English.
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
5 tn See BDAG 352 s.v. ἐξουσία 2, “potential or resource to command, control, or govern, capability, might, power.”
5 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
6 tc ‡ Several key
6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
7 tn Grk “so that he might make her swept away.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
8 sn This second beast is identified in Rev 16:13 as “the false prophet.”
9 tn Grk “and it had,” a continuation of the preceding sentence. On the use of the pronoun “he” to refer to the second beast, see the note on the word “It” in 13:1.
10 tn Or perhaps, “like a ram.” Here L&N 4.25 states, “In the one context in the NT, namely, Re 13:11, in which ἀρνίον refers literally to a sheep, it is used in a phrase referring to the horns of an ἀρνίον. In such a context the reference is undoubtedly to a ‘ram,’ that is to say, the adult male of sheep.” In spite of this most translations render the word “lamb” here to maintain the connection between this false lamb and the true Lamb of the Book of Revelation, Jesus Christ.
11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
9 tn This is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo"), referring to both men and women.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 sn The winepress was stomped. See Isa 63:3, where Messiah does this alone (usually several individuals would join in the process).
11 tn L&N 6.7 states, “In Re 14:20 the reference to a bit and bridle is merely an indication of measurement, that is to say, the height of the bit and bridle from the ground, and one may reinterpret this measurement as ‘about a meter and a half’ or ‘about five feet.’”
12 tn Grk “1,600 stades.” A stade was a measure of length about 607 ft (185 m). Thus the distance here would be 184 mi or 296 km.
10 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “finally” to indicate the conclusion of the seven bowl judgments.
11 tn Grk “the seventh”; the referent (the seventh angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
11 tn This is the same word translated “sexual immorality” earlier in the verse, but here the qualifier “sexual” has not been repeated for stylistic reasons.
12 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
13 tn On the phrase “pronounced judgment” BDAG 567 s.v. κρίμα 4.b states, “The OT is the source of the expr. κρίνειν τὸ κρ. (cp. Zech 7:9; 8:16; Ezk 44:24) ἔκρινεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς God has pronounced judgment for you against her or God has pronounced on her the judgment she wished to impose on you (HHoltzmann, Hdb. 1893 ad loc.) Rv 18:20.”
14 tn Grk “God has judged a judgment of you of her.” Verse 20 is set in parentheses because in it the saints, etc. are addressed directly in the second person.
14 tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
15 tn The word “holding” is implied. The two clauses “having the key of the abyss” and “a huge chain in his hand” can be construed in two ways: (1) both are controlled by the participle ἔχοντα (econta) and both are modified by the phrase “in his hand” – “having in his hand the key to the abyss and a huge chain.” (2) The participle ἔχοντα refers only to the key, and the phrase “in his hand” refers only to the chain – “having the key of the abyss and holding a huge chain in his hand.” Because of the stylistic tendency in Rev to use the verb ἔχω (ecw) to mean “hold (something)” and the phrase “in his hand” forming a “bracket” along with the verb ἔχω around both the phrases in question, the first option is preferred.
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
16 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel mentioned in 21:9, 15) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
17 tn Grk “proceeding.” Water is more naturally thought to pour out or flow out in English idiom.