4:9 And whenever the living creatures give glory, honor, 6 and thanks to the one who sits on the throne, who lives forever and ever,
7:13 Then 8 one of the elders asked 9 me, “These dressed in long white robes – who are they and where have they come from?”
9:13 Then 11 the sixth angel blew his trumpet, and I heard a single voice coming from the 12 horns on the golden altar that is before God,
16:4 Then 23 the third angel 24 poured out his bowl on the rivers and the springs of water, and they turned into blood. 16:5 Now 25 I heard the angel of the waters saying:
“You are just 26 – the one who is and who was,
the Holy One – because you have passed these judgments, 27
1 tn Grk “onto a bed,” in this context an idiom for severe illness (L&N 23.152).
2 tn Or “into great distress.” The suffering here is not specified as physical or emotional, and could involve persecution.
3 tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”
4 tn Grk “keeps.” In a context that speaks of “holding on to what you have,” the idea here is one of continued faithful behavior (BDAG 1002 s.v. τηρέω 3 has “ὁ τηρῶν τὰ ἔργα μου the one who takes my deeds to heart Rv 2:26”).
5 tn Or “over the Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
5 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
7 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 tn Grk “spoke” or “declared to,” but in the context “asked” reads more naturally in English.
11 tn Or perhaps, “scales like iron breastplates” (RSV, NRSV) although the Greek term θώραξ (qwrax) would have to shift its meaning within the clause, and elsewhere in biblical usage (e.g., Eph 6:14; 1 Thess 5:8) it normally means “breastplate.” See also L&N 8.38.
13 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
14 tc ‡ Several key
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
16 tn The Greek article τήν (thn) has been translated with demonstrative force here.
17 tn The Greek term καί (kai) has not been translated here and before the following term “month” since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
18 tn Grk “so that they might kill,” but the English infinitive is an equivalent construction to indicate purpose here.
17 tn Grk “and it was given to him to go to war.” Here the passive construction has been simplified, the referent (the beast) has been specified for clarity, and καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
18 tc Many
19 tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
20 tn Grk “and people,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
19 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
20 tn This is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo"), referring to both men and women.
21 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
22 tn Grk “the third”; the referent (the third angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
23 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the somewhat parenthetical nature of the remarks that follow.
24 tn Or “righteous,” although the context favors justice as the theme.
25 tn Or “because you have judged these things.” The pronoun ταῦτα (tauta) is neuter gender.
25 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
27 tn Grk “And.” Because this remark is somewhat resumptive in nature, “as for” is used in the translation.
29 sn This statement appears to be a parenthetical comment by the author.
31 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.