6:12 Then 20 I looked when the Lamb opened the sixth seal, and a huge 21 earthquake took place; the sun became as black as sackcloth made of hair, 22 and the full moon became blood red; 23
7:1 After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth so no wind could blow on the earth, on the sea, or on any tree.
13:1 Then 31 I saw a beast coming up out of the sea. It 32 had ten horns and seven heads, and on its horns were ten diadem crowns, 33 and on its heads a blasphemous name. 34
19:17 Then 37 I saw one angel standing in 38 the sun, and he shouted in a loud voice to all the birds flying high in the sky: 39
“Come, gather around for the great banquet 40 of God,
1 sn That is, the teaching of Jezebel (v. 20).
2 tn Grk “deep things.” For the translation “deep secrets” see L&N 28.76; cf. NAB, NIV, CEV.
3 tn Grk “I have given.”
4 tn Grk “to shut it,” but English would leave the direct object understood in this case.
5 tn This translation is based on connecting the ὅτι (Joti) clause with the οἶδα (oida) at the beginning of the verse, giving the content of what is known (see also 3:1, 3:15 for parallels). Because of the intervening clause that is virtually parenthetical (see the note on the word “shut” earlier in this verse), the words “I know that” from the beginning of the verse had to be repeated to make this connection clear for the English reader. However, the ὅτι could be understood as introducing a causal subordinate clause instead and thus translated, “because you have.”
6 tn Or “little power.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
8 tn Grk “and having kept.” The participle ἐτήρησας (ethrhsas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. For the translation of τηρέω (threw) as “obey” see L&N 36.19. This is the same word that is used in 3:10 (there translated “kept”) where there is a play on words.
5 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of hearing the voice summon the first rider.
6 tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to come through the
7 tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).
8 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
9 tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”
10 sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.
11 tn The participle νικῶν (nikwn) has been translated as substantival, the subject of the verb ἐξῆλθεν (exhlqen). Otherwise, as an adverbial participle of manner, it is somewhat redundant: “he rode out conquering and to conquer.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
8 tn Grk “voice, saying”; the participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated here.
9 tn The expression ἕως πότε (ews pote) was translated “how long.” Cf. BDAG 423 s.v. ἕως 1.b.γ.
10 tn The Greek term here is δεσπότης (despoths; see L&N 37.63).
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 tn Or “powerful”; Grk “a great.”
11 tn Or “like hairy sackcloth” (L&N 8.13).
12 tn Grk “like blood,” understanding αἷμα (aima) as a blood-red color rather than actual blood (L&N 8.64).
11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
12 tn The participle λαλοῦσαν (lalousan) has been translated as “began to speak.” The use of πάλιν (palin) indicates an ingressive idea.
13 tn Grk “with me.” The translation “with me” implies that John was engaged in a dialogue with the one speaking to him (e.g., Jesus or an angel) when in reality it was a one-sided conversation, with John doing all the listening. For this reason, μετ᾿ ἐμοῦ (met’ emou, “with me”) was translated as “to me.”
14 tn Grk “again, saying.” The participle λέγουσαν (legousan) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
15 tn The perfect passive participle ἠνεῳγμένον (hnewgmenon) is in second attributive position and has been translated as an attributive adjective.
13 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
14 tn Grk “seven thousand names of men.”
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
16 tn Grk “having” (a continuation of the previous sentence). All of the pronouns referring to this beast (along with the second beast appearing in 13:11) could be translated as “it” because the word for beast (θηρίον, qhrion) is neuter gender in Greek and all the pronouns related to it are parsed as neuter in the Gramcord/Accordance database. Nevertheless, most interpreters would agree that the beast ultimately represents a human ruler, so beginning at the end of v. 4 the masculine pronouns (“he,” “him,” etc.) are used to refer to the first beast as well as the second beast appearing in 13:11.
17 tn For the translation of διάδημα (diadhma) as “diadem crown” see L&N 6.196.
18 tc ‡ Several
17 tn BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 1 states, “the inhabited earth, the world…ὅλη ἡ οἰκ. the whole inhabited earth…Mt 24:14; Ac 11:28; Rv 3:10; 16:14.”
18 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
20 tn The precise significance of ἐν (en) here is difficult to determine.
21 tn On μεσουρανήματι (mesouranhmati) here see L&N 1.10: “high in the sky, midpoint in the sky, directly overhead, straight above in the sky.” The birds mentioned here are carrion birds like vultures, circling high overhead, and now being summoned to feast on the corpses.
22 tn This is the same Greek word (δεῖπνον, deipnon) used in 19:9.