2:8 “To 1 the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following: 2
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 3 the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but 4 came to life:
2:12 “To 5 the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following: 6
“This is the solemn pronouncement of 7 the one who has the sharp double-edged sword: 8
8:8 Then 9 the second angel blew his trumpet, and something like a great mountain of burning fire was thrown into the sea. A 10 third of the sea became blood,
9:13 Then 12 the sixth angel blew his trumpet, and I heard a single voice coming from the 13 horns on the golden altar that is before God,
“You are just 20 – the one who is and who was,
the Holy One – because you have passed these judgments, 21
18:1 After these things I saw another angel, who possessed great authority, coming down out of heaven, and the earth was lit up by his radiance. 22
20:1 Then 23 I saw an angel descending from heaven, holding 24 in his hand the key to the abyss and a huge chain.
1 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
2 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
3 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.
5 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
6 tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
7 tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.
8 sn On the sharp double-edged sword see 1:16.
9 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
10 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
13 sn Both the Hebrew Abaddon and the Greek Apollyon mean “Destroyer.”
17 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
18 tc ‡ Several key
21 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
22 tn The Greek article τήν (thn) has been translated with demonstrative force here.
23 tn The Greek term καί (kai) has not been translated here and before the following term “month” since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
24 tn Grk “so that they might kill,” but the English infinitive is an equivalent construction to indicate purpose here.
25 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
29 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the somewhat parenthetical nature of the remarks that follow.
30 tn Or “righteous,” although the context favors justice as the theme.
31 tn Or “because you have judged these things.” The pronoun ταῦτα (tauta) is neuter gender.
33 tn Grk “glory”; but often in the sense of splendor, brightness, or radiance (see L&N 14.49).
37 tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
38 tn The word “holding” is implied. The two clauses “having the key of the abyss” and “a huge chain in his hand” can be construed in two ways: (1) both are controlled by the participle ἔχοντα (econta) and both are modified by the phrase “in his hand” – “having in his hand the key to the abyss and a huge chain.” (2) The participle ἔχοντα refers only to the key, and the phrase “in his hand” refers only to the chain – “having the key of the abyss and holding a huge chain in his hand.” Because of the stylistic tendency in Rev to use the verb ἔχω (ecw) to mean “hold (something)” and the phrase “in his hand” forming a “bracket” along with the verb ἔχω around both the phrases in question, the first option is preferred.