Revelation 21:13

21:13 There are three gates on the east side, three gates on the north side, three gates on the south side and three gates on the west side.

Revelation 22:2

22:2 flowing down the middle of the city’s main street. On each side of the river is the tree of life producing twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit every month of the year. Its leaves are for the healing of the nations.

Revelation 4:6

4:6 and in front of the throne was something like a sea of glass, like crystal.

In the middle of the throne 10  and around the throne were four living creatures 11  full of eyes in front and in back.

Revelation 5:1

The Opening of the Scroll

5:1 Then 12  I saw in the right hand of the one who was seated on the throne a scroll written on the front and back 13  and sealed with seven seals. 14 

Revelation 5:11

5:11 Then 15  I looked and heard the voice of many angels in a circle around the throne, as well as the living creatures and the elders. Their 16  number was ten thousand times ten thousand 17  – thousands times thousands –

Revelation 17:14

17:14 They will make war with the Lamb, but the Lamb will conquer them, because he is Lord of lords and King of kings, and those accompanying 18  the Lamb are the called, chosen, and faithful.”


tn The words “There are” have been supplied to make a complete English sentence. This is a continuation of the previous sentence, a lengthy and complicated one in Greek.

tn The word “side” has been supplied four times in this verse for clarity.

tn Grk “its”; the referent (the city, the new Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103).

tn Grk “From here and from there.”

tn Or “twelve crops” (one for each month of the year).

tn The words “of the year” are implied.

tn This could refer to rock crystal, but it is possible this refers to ice (an older meaning). See BDAG 571 s.v. κρύσταλλος.

tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

tn Perhaps, “in the middle of the throne area” (see L&N 83.10).

tn On the meaning of ζῴον (zwon) BDAG 431 s.v. 2 states, “Of the four peculiar beings at God’s throne, whose description Rv 4:6-9 reminds one of the ζῷα in Ezk 1:5ff, the cherubim. S. also Rv 5:6, 8, 11, 14; 6:1, 3, 5-7; 7:11; 14:3; 15:7; 19:4.”

tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

tn Grk “written on the inside and the outside” (an idiom for having writing on both sides).

tn L&N 6.55 states, “From the immediate context of Re 5:1 it is not possible to determine whether the scroll in question had seven seals on the outside or whether the scroll was sealed at seven different points. However, since according to chapter six of Revelation the seals were broken one after another, it would appear as though the scroll had been sealed at seven different places as it had been rolled up.”

tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

10 tn Grk “elders, and the number of them was.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

11 tn Or “myriads of myriads.” Although μυριάς (murias) literally means “10,000,” the point of the combination here may simply be to indicate an incalculably huge number. See L&N 60.9.

11 tn See BDAG 636 s.v. μετά A.2.a.α.