Revelation 7:2

7:2 Then I saw another angel ascending from the east, who had the seal of the living God. He shouted out with a loud voice to the four angels who had been given permission to damage the earth and the sea:

Revelation 12:7

War in Heaven

12:7 Then war broke out in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back.


tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

tn Grk “from the rising of the sun.” BDAG 74 s.v. ἀνατολή 2.a takes this as a geographical direction: “ἀπὸ ἀ. ἡλίουfrom the east Rv 7:2; 16:12…simply ἀπὸ ἀ. …21:13.”

tn Grk “having,” but v. 3 makes it clear that the angel’s purpose is to seal others with the seal he carries.

tn Or “signet” (L&N 6.54).

tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “to whom it was given to them to damage the earth.”

tn Grk “saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

sn The archangel Michael had a special role in protecting the nation of Israel in the OT (Dan 10:13, 21; 12:1; see also Jude 9).