9:1 Then 1 the fifth angel blew his trumpet, and I saw a star that had fallen from the sky 2 to the earth, and he was given the key to the shaft of the abyss. 3
16:10 Then 4 the fifth angel 5 poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast so that 6 darkness covered his kingdom, 7 and people 8 began to bite 9 their tongues because 10 of their pain.
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
2 tn Or “from heaven” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
3 tn On this term BDAG 2 s.v. ἄβυσσος 2 states, “netherworld, abyss, esp. the abode of the dead Ro 10:7 (Ps 106:26) and of demons Lk 8:31; dungeon where the devil is kept Rv 20:3; abode of the θηρίον, the Antichrist 11:7; 17:8; of ᾿Αβαδδών (q.v.), the angel of the underworld 9:11…φρέαρ τῆς ἀ. 9:1f; capable of being sealed 9:1; 20:1, 3.”
4 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
5 tn Grk “the fifth”; the referent (the fifth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” to indicate the implied result of the fifth bowl being poured out.
7 tn Grk “his kingdom became dark.”
8 tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.
9 tn On this term BDAG 620 s.v. μασάομαι states, “bite w. acc. τὰς γλώσσας bite their tongues Rv 16:10.”
10 tn The preposition ἐκ (ek) has been translated here and twice in the following verse with a causal sense.
7 sn Onyx (also called sardonyx) is a semiprecious stone that comes in various colors (L&N 2.35).
8 sn Carnelian is a semiprecious gemstone, usually red in color (L&N 2.36).
9 sn Chrysolite refers to either quartz or topaz, golden yellow in color (L&N 2.37).
10 sn Beryl is a semiprecious stone, usually blue-green or green in color (L&N 2.38).
11 sn Chrysoprase is a greenish type of quartz (L&N 2.40).
12 sn Jacinth is a semiprecious stone, probably blue in color (also called “hyacinth,” but that translation is not used here because of possible confusion with the flower of the same name). See L&N 2.41.