1 tn Grk “and being.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
2 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
3 tn BDAG 138 s.v. ἀρχή 6 takes this term as a reference to angelic or transcendent powers (as opposed to merely human rulers). To clarify this, the adjective “heavenly” has been supplied in the translation. Some interpreters see this as a reference to fallen angels or demonic powers, and this view is reflected in some recent translations (NIV, NLT).
4 tn Grk “for the law of the Spirit of life.”
5 tc Most
6 tn Grk “that is, to be comforted together with you through the faith in one another.”
7 tn Grk “the promises,” referring to the things God promised, not to the pledges themselves.
8 tn Or “sojourners.”