Romans 1:25

1:25 They ¹  exchanged the truth of God for a lie ²  and worshiped and served the creation ³  rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.

Romans 2:15

2:15 They ⁴  show that the work of the law is written ⁵  in their hearts, as their conscience bears witness and their conflicting thoughts accuse or else defend ⁶  them, ⁷ 

Romans 3:8

3:8 And why not say, “Let us do evil so that good may come of it”? – as some who slander us allege that we say. ⁸  (Their ⁹  condemnation is deserved!)

Romans 5:12

The Amplification of Justification

5:12 So then, just as sin entered the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all people ¹⁰  because ¹¹  all sinned –

Romans 8:23

8:23 Not only this, but we ourselves also, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, ¹²  groan inwardly as we eagerly await our adoption, ¹³  the redemption of our bodies. ¹⁴ 

Romans 11:22

11:22 Notice therefore the kindness and harshness of God – harshness toward those who have fallen, but ¹⁵  God’s kindness toward you, provided you continue in his kindness; ¹⁶  otherwise you also will be cut off.

Romans 16:18

16:18 For these are the kind who do not serve our Lord Christ, but their own appetites. By their smooth talk and flattery they deceive the minds ¹⁷  of the naive.

¹ tn Grk “who.” The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

² tn Grk “the lie.”

³ tn Or “creature, created things.”

⁴ tn Grk “who.” The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

⁵ tn Grk “show the work of the law [to be] written,” with the words in brackets implied by the Greek construction.

⁶ tn Or “excuse.”

⁷ tn Grk “their conscience bearing witness and between the thoughts accusing or also defending one another.”

⁷ tn Grk “(as we are slandered and some affirm that we say…).”

⁸ tn Grk “whose.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, this relative clause was rendered as a new sentence in the translation.

¹⁰ tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anqrwpou") has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.

¹¹ tn The translation of the phrase ἐφ᾿ ᾧ (ef Jw) has been heavily debated. For a discussion of all the possibilities, see C. E. B. Cranfield, “On Some of the Problems in the Interpretation of Romans 5.12,” SJT 22 (1969): 324-41. Only a few of the major options can be mentioned here: (1) the phrase can be taken as a relative clause in which the pronoun refers to Adam, “death spread to all people in whom [Adam] all sinned.” (2) The phrase can be taken with consecutive (resultative) force, meaning “death spread to all people with the result that all sinned.” (3) Others take the phrase as causal in force: “death spread to all people because all sinned.”

¹³ tn Or “who have the Spirit as firstfruits.” The genitive πνεύματος (pneumatos) can be understood here as possessive (“the firstfruits belonging to the Spirit”) although it is much more likely that this is a genitive of apposition (“the firstfruits, namely, the Spirit”); cf. TEV, NLT.

¹⁴ tn See the note on “adoption” in v. 15.

¹⁵ tn Grk “body.”

¹⁶ tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.

¹⁷ tn Grk “if you continue in (the) kindness.”

¹⁹ tn Grk “hearts.”