12:10 “I will pour out on the kingship 1 of David and the population of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication so that they will look to me, 2 the one they have pierced. They will lament for him as one laments for an only son, and there will be a bitter cry for him like the bitter cry for a firstborn. 3
1:7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, 4
and every eye will see him,
even 5 those who pierced him, 6
and all the tribes 7 on the earth will mourn because 8 of him.
This will certainly come to pass! 9 Amen.) 10
1 tn Or “dynasty”; Heb “house.”
2 tc Because of the difficulty of the concept of the mortal piercing of God, the subject of this clause, and the shift of pronoun from “me” to “him” in the next, many
3 tn The Hebrew term בְּכוֹר (bÿkhor, “firstborn”), translated usually in the LXX by πρωτότοκος (prwtotokos), has unmistakable messianic overtones as the use of the Greek term in the NT to describe Jesus makes clear (cf. Col 1:15, 18). Thus, the idea of God being pierced sets the stage for the fatal wounding of Jesus, the Messiah and the Son of God (cf. John 19:37; Rev 1:7). Note that some English translations supply “son” from the context (e.g., NIV, TEV, NLT).
4 sn An allusion to Dan 7:13.
5 tn Here καί (kai) was translated as ascensive.
6 sn An allusion to Zech 12:10.
7 tn In this context, tribes (φυλαί, fulai) could also be translated as “nations” or “peoples” (L&N 11.56).
8 tn The conjunction ἐπί (epi) is most likely causal here. The people who crucified him are those of every tribe on the earth and they will mourn because he comes as judge.
9 tn Grk “Yes, Amen.” The expression “This will certainly come to pass” is an attempt to capture the force of the juxtaposition of the Greek ναί (nai) and the Hebrew ἀμήν (amhn). See L&N 69.1.
10 sn These lines are placed in parentheses because they form an aside to the main argument.