14:3 Then the Lord will go to battle 3 and fight against those nations, just as he fought battles in ancient days. 4
4:11 Many nations have now assembled against you.
They say, “Jerusalem must be desecrated, 5
so we can gloat over Zion!” 6
4:12 But they do not know what the Lord is planning;
they do not understand his strategy.
He has gathered them like stalks of grain to be threshed 7 at the threshing floor.
4:13 “Get up and thresh, Daughter Zion!
For I will give you iron horns; 8
I will give you bronze hooves,
and you will crush many nations.” 9
You will devote to the Lord the spoils you take from them,
and dedicate their wealth to the sovereign Ruler 10 of the whole earth. 11
19:19 Then 18 I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies assembled to do battle with the one who rode the horse and with his army. 19:20 Now 19 the beast was seized, and along with him the false prophet who had performed the signs on his behalf 20 – signs by which he deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped his image. Both of them were thrown alive into the lake of fire burning with sulfur. 21 19:21 The 22 others were killed by the sword that extended from the mouth of the one who rode the horse, and all the birds gorged 23 themselves with their flesh.
1 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
2 tn Heb “not be cut off from the city” (so NRSV); NAB “not be removed.”
3 sn The statement the
4 tn Heb “as he fights on a day of battle” (similar NASB, NIV, NRSV).
5 tn Heb “let her be desecrated.” the referent (Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn Heb “and let our eye look upon Zion.”
7 tn The words “to be threshed” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied in the translation to make it clear that the
8 tn Heb “I will make your horn iron.”
9 sn Jerusalem (Daughter Zion at the beginning of the verse; cf. 4:8) is here compared to a powerful ox which crushes the grain on the threshing floor with its hooves.
10 tn Or “the Lord” (so many English versions); Heb “the master.”
11 tn Heb “and their wealth to the master of all the earth.” The verb “devote” does double duty in the parallelism and is supplied in the second line for clarification.
12 tn BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 1 states, “the inhabited earth, the world…ὅλη ἡ οἰκ. the whole inhabited earth…Mt 24:14; Ac 11:28; Rv 3:10; 16:14.”
13 tn On this word BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…(ὁ) κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ π. …Rv 1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 21:22.”
14 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
15 tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.
16 tn The word “kings” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to clarify the referent.
17 tn See BDAG 636 s.v. μετά A.2.a.α.
18 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
19 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of an unexpected development in the account: The opposing armies do not come together in battle; rather the leader of one side is captured.
20 tn For this meaning see BDAG 342 s.v. ἐνώπιον 4.b, “by the authority of, on behalf of Rv 13:12, 14; 19:20.”
21 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
22 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
23 tn On the translation of ἐχορτάσθησαν (ecortasqhsan) BDAG 1087 s.v. χορτάζω 1.a states, “of animals, pass. in act. sense πάντα τὰ ὄρνεα ἐχορτάσθησαν ἐκ τῶν σαρκῶν αὐτῶν all the birds gorged themselves with their flesh Rv 19:21 (cp. TestJud. 21:8).”
24 tn Or “mislead.”
25 sn The battle with Gog and Magog is described in the OT in Ezek 38:1-39:20.
26 tn Grk “of whom the number of them [is] like the sand of the sea” (an allusion to Isa 10:22).
27 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
28 tn The shift here to past tense reflects the Greek text.
29 tn On the phrase “broad plain of the earth” BDAG 823 s.v. πλάτος states, “τὸ πλάτος τῆς γῆς Rv 20:9 comes fr. the OT (Da 12:2 LXX. Cp. Hab 1:6; Sir 1:3), but the sense is not clear: breadth = the broad plain of the earth is perh. meant to provide room for the countless enemies of God vs. 8, but the ‘going up’ is better suited to Satan (vs. 7) who has recently been freed, and who comes up again fr. the abyss (vs. 3).” The referent here thus appears to be a plain large enough to accommodate the numberless hoards that have drawn up for battle against the Lord Christ and his saints.
30 tn Or “surrounded.”
31 tn On the term παρεμβολή (parembolh) BDAG 775 s.v. states, “Mostly used as a military t.t.…so always in our lit.…1. a (fortified) camp…ἡ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἁγίων Rv 20:9 is also to be understood fr. the OT use of the word.”
32 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
33 tn See L&N 20.45 for the translation of κατεσθίω (katesqiw) as “to destroy utterly, to consume completely.”