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Genesis 13:1-18

Context
Abram’s Solution to the Strife

13:1 So Abram went up from Egypt into the Negev. 1  He took his wife and all his possessions with him, as well as Lot. 2  13:2 (Now Abram was very wealthy 3  in livestock, silver, and gold.) 4 

13:3 And he journeyed from place to place 5  from the Negev as far as Bethel. 6  He returned 7  to the place where he had pitched his tent 8  at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai. 13:4 This was the place where he had first built the altar, 9  and there Abram worshiped the Lord. 10 

13:5 Now Lot, who was traveling 11  with Abram, also had 12  flocks, herds, and tents. 13:6 But the land could 13  not support them while they were living side by side. 14  Because their possessions were so great, they were not able to live 15  alongside one another. 13:7 So there were quarrels 16  between Abram’s herdsmen and Lot’s herdsmen. 17  (Now the Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land at that time.) 18 

13:8 Abram said to Lot, “Let there be no quarreling between me and you, and between my herdsmen and your herdsmen, for we are close relatives. 19  13:9 Is not the whole land before you? Separate yourself now from me. If you go 20  to the left, then I’ll go to the right, but if you go to the right, then I’ll go to the left.”

13:10 Lot looked up and saw 21  the whole region 22  of the Jordan. He noticed 23  that all of it was well-watered (before the Lord obliterated 24  Sodom and Gomorrah) 25  like the garden of the Lord, like the land of Egypt, 26  all the way to Zoar. 13:11 Lot chose for himself the whole region of the Jordan and traveled 27  toward the east.

So the relatives separated from each other. 28  13:12 Abram settled in the land of Canaan, but Lot settled among the cities of the Jordan plain 29  and pitched his tents next to Sodom. 13:13 (Now 30  the people 31  of Sodom were extremely wicked rebels against the Lord.) 32 

13:14 After Lot had departed, the Lord said to Abram, 33  “Look 34  from the place where you stand to the north, south, east, and west. 13:15 I will give all the land that you see to you and your descendants 35  forever. 13:16 And I will make your descendants like the dust of the earth, so that if anyone is able to count the dust of the earth, then your descendants also can be counted. 36  13:17 Get up and 37  walk throughout 38  the land, 39  for I will give it to you.”

13:18 So Abram moved his tents and went to live 40  by the oaks 41  of Mamre in Hebron, and he built an altar to the Lord there.

Genesis 5:7-21

Context
5:7 Seth lived 807 years after he became the father of Enosh, and he had 42  other 43  sons and daughters. 5:8 The entire lifetime of Seth was 912 years, and then he died.

5:9 When Enosh had lived 90 years, he became the father of Kenan. 5:10 Enosh lived 815 years after he became the father of Kenan, and he had other sons and daughters. 5:11 The entire lifetime of Enosh was 905 years, and then he died.

5:12 When Kenan had lived 70 years, he became the father of Mahalalel. 5:13 Kenan lived 840 years after he became the father of Mahalalel, and he had other sons and daughters. 5:14 The entire lifetime of Kenan was 910 years, and then he died.

5:15 When Mahalalel had lived 65 years, he became the father of Jared. 5:16 Mahalalel lived 830 years after he became the father of Jared, and he had other sons and daughters. 5:17 The entire lifetime of Mahalalel was 895 years, and then he died.

5:18 When Jared had lived 162 years, he became the father of Enoch. 5:19 Jared lived 800 years after he became the father of Enoch, and he had other sons and daughters. 5:20 The entire lifetime of Jared was 962 years, and then he died.

5:21 When Enoch had lived 65 years, he became the father of Methuselah.

Genesis 20:2

Context
20:2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her.

Leviticus 25:43

Context
25:43 You must not rule over him harshly, 44  but you must fear your God.

Leviticus 25:46

Context
25:46 You may give them as inheritance to your children after you to possess as property. You may enslave them perpetually. However, as for your brothers the Israelites, no man may rule over his brother harshly. 45 

Leviticus 25:53

Context
25:53 He must be with the one who bought him 46  like a yearly hired worker. 47  The one who bought him 48  must not rule over him harshly in your sight.

Isaiah 14:6

Context

14:6 It 49  furiously struck down nations

with unceasing blows. 50 

It angrily ruled over nations,

oppressing them without restraint. 51 

Isaiah 51:23

Context

51:23 I will put it into the hand of your tormentors 52 

who said to you, ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you.’

You made your back like the ground,

and like the street for those who walked over you.”

Isaiah 52:5

Context

52:5 And now, what do we have here?” 53  says the Lord.

“Indeed my people have been carried away for nothing,

those who rule over them taunt,” 54  says the Lord,

“and my name is constantly slandered 55  all day long.

Isaiah 58:6

Context

58:6 No, this is the kind of fast I want. 56 

I want you 57  to remove the sinful chains,

to tear away the ropes of the burdensome yoke,

to set free the oppressed, 58 

and to break every burdensome yoke.

Jeremiah 50:33-34

Context

50:33 The Lord who rules over all 59  says,

“The people of Israel are oppressed.

So too are the people of Judah. 60 

All those who took them captive are holding them prisoners.

They refuse to set them free.

50:34 But the one who will rescue them 61  is strong.

He is known as the Lord who rules over all. 62 

He will strongly 63  champion their cause.

As a result 64  he will bring peace and rest to the earth,

but trouble and turmoil 65  to the people who inhabit Babylonia. 66 

Micah 3:3

Context

3:3 You 67  devour my people’s flesh,

strip off their skin,

and crush their bones.

You chop them up like flesh in a pot 68 

like meat in a kettle.

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[13:1]  1 tn Or “the South [country]” (also in v. 3).

[13:1]  2 tn Heb “And Abram went up from Egypt, he and his wife and all which was his, and Lot with him, to the Negev.”

[13:2]  3 tn Heb “heavy.”

[13:2]  4 tn This parenthetical clause, introduced by the vav (ו) disjunctive (translated “now”), provides information necessary to the point of the story.

[13:3]  5 tn Heb “on his journeys”; the verb and noun combination means to pick up the tents and move from camp to camp.

[13:3]  6 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[13:3]  7 tn The words “he returned” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[13:3]  8 tn Heb “where his tent had been.”

[13:4]  9 tn Heb “to the place of the altar which he had made there in the beginning” (cf. Gen 12:7-8).

[13:4]  10 tn Heb “he called in the name of the Lord.” The expression refers to worshiping the Lord through prayer and sacrifice (see Gen 4:26; 12:8; 21:33; 26:25). See G. J. Wenham, Genesis (WBC), 1:116, 281.

[13:5]  11 tn Heb “was going.”

[13:5]  12 tn The Hebrew idiom is “to Lot…there was,” the preposition here expressing possession.

[13:6]  13 tn The potential nuance for the perfect tense is necessary here, and supported by the parallel clause that actually uses “to be able.”

[13:6]  14 tn The infinitive construct לָשֶׁבֶת (lashevet, from יָשַׁב, yashav) explains what it was that the land could not support: “the land could not support them to live side by side.” See further J. C. de Moor, “Lexical Remarks Concerning Yahad and Yahdaw,” VT 7 (1957): 350-55.

[13:6]  15 tn The same infinitive occurs here, serving as the object of the verb.

[13:7]  16 tn The Hebrew term רִיב (riv) means “strife, conflict, quarreling.” In later texts it has the meaning of “legal controversy, dispute.” See B. Gemser, “The rîb – or Controversy – Pattern in Hebrew Mentality,” Wisdom in Israel and in the Ancient Near East [VTSup], 120-37.

[13:7]  17 sn Since the quarreling was between the herdsmen, the dispute was no doubt over water and vegetation for the animals.

[13:7]  18 tn This parenthetical clause, introduced with the vav (ו) disjunctive (translated “now”), again provides critical information. It tells in part why the land cannot sustain these two bedouins, and it also hints of the danger of weakening the family by inner strife.

[13:8]  19 tn Heb “men, brothers [are] we.” Here “brothers” describes the closeness of the relationship, but could be misunderstood if taken literally, since Abram was Lot’s uncle.

[13:9]  20 tn The words “you go” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons both times in this verse.

[13:10]  21 tn Heb “lifted up his eyes and saw.” The expression draws attention to the act of looking, indicating that Lot took a good look. It also calls attention to the importance of what was seen.

[13:10]  22 tn Or “plain”; Heb “circle.”

[13:10]  23 tn The words “he noticed” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[13:10]  24 sn Obliterated. The use of the term “destroy” (שַׁחֵת, shakhet) is reminiscent of the Noahic flood (Gen 6:13). Both at the flood and in Sodom the place was obliterated by catastrophe and only one family survived (see C. Westermann, Genesis, 2:178).

[13:10]  25 tn This short temporal clause (preposition + Piel infinitive construct + subjective genitive + direct object) is strategically placed in the middle of the lavish descriptions to sound an ominous note. The entire clause is parenthetical in nature. Most English translations place the clause at the end of v. 10 for stylistic reasons.

[13:10]  26 sn The narrative places emphasis on what Lot saw so that the reader can appreciate how it aroused his desire for the best land. It makes allusion to the garden of the Lord and to the land of Egypt for comparison. Just as the tree in the garden of Eden had awakened Eve’s desire, so the fertile valley attracted Lot. And just as certain memories of Egypt would cause the Israelites to want to turn back and abandon the trek to the promised land, so Lot headed for the good life.

[13:11]  27 tn Heb “Lot traveled.” The proper name has not been repeated in the translation at this point for stylistic reasons.

[13:11]  28 tn Heb “a man from upon his brother.”

[13:12]  29 tn Or “the cities of the plain”; Heb “[the cities of] the circle,” referring to the “circle” or oval area of the Jordan Valley.

[13:13]  30 tn Here is another significant parenthetical clause in the story, signaled by the vav (וו) disjunctive (translated “now”) on the noun at the beginning of the clause.

[13:13]  31 tn Heb “men.” However, this is generic in sense; it is unlikely that only the male residents of Sodom were sinners.

[13:13]  32 tn Heb “wicked and sinners against the Lord exceedingly.” The description of the sinfulness of the Sodomites is very emphatic. First, two nouns are used to form a hendiadys: “wicked and sinners” means “wicked sinners,” the first word becoming adjectival. The text is saying these were no ordinary sinners; they were wicked sinners, the type that cause pain for others. Then to this phrase is added “against the Lord,” stressing their violation of the laws of heaven and their culpability. Finally, to this is added מְאֹד (mÿod, “exceedingly,” translated here as “extremely”).

[13:14]  33 tn Heb “and the Lord said to Abram after Lot separated himself from with him.” The disjunctive clause at the beginning of the verse signals a new scene.

[13:14]  34 tn Heb “lift up your eyes and see.”

[13:15]  35 tn Heb “for all the land which you see to you I will give it and to your descendants.”

[13:16]  36 tn The translation “can be counted” (potential imperfect) is suggested by the use of יוּכַל (yukhal, “is able”) in the preceding clause.

[13:17]  37 tn The connective “and” is not present in the Hebrew text; it has been supplied for purposes of English style.

[13:17]  38 tn The Hitpael form הִתְהַלֵּךְ (hithallekh) means “to walk about”; it also can carry the ideas of moving about, traversing, going back and forth, or living in an area. It here has the connotation of traversing the land to survey it, to look it over.

[13:17]  39 tn Heb “the land to its length and to its breadth.” This phrase has not been included in the translation because it is somewhat redundant (see the note on the word “throughout” in this verse).

[13:18]  40 tn Heb “he came and lived.”

[13:18]  41 tn Or “terebinths.”

[5:7]  42 tn Heb “he fathered.”

[5:7]  43 tn Here and in vv. 10, 13, 16, 19 the word “other” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied for stylistic reasons.

[25:43]  44 tn Heb “You shall not rule in him in violence”; cf. NASB “with severity”; NIV “ruthlessly.”

[25:46]  45 tn Heb “and your brothers, the sons of Israel, a man in his brother you shall not rule in him in violence.”

[25:53]  46 tn Heb “be with him”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:53]  47 tn Heb “As a hired worker year in year.”

[25:53]  48 tn Heb “He”; the referent (the one who bought him) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:6]  49 tn Or perhaps, “he” (cf. KJV; NCV “the king of Babylon”). The present translation understands the referent of the pronoun (“it”) to be the “club/scepter” of the preceding line.

[14:6]  50 tn Heb “it was striking down nations in fury [with] a blow without ceasing.” The participle (“striking down”) suggests repeated or continuous action in past time.

[14:6]  51 tn Heb “it was ruling in anger nations [with] oppression without restraint.” The participle (“ruling”) suggests repeated or continuous action in past time.

[51:23]  52 tn That is, to make them drink it.

[52:5]  53 tn Heb “and now what [following the marginal reading (Qere)] to me here?”

[52:5]  54 tn The verb appears to be a Hiphil form from the root יָלַל (yalal, “howl”), perhaps here in the sense of “mock.” Some emend the form to יְהוֹלָּלוֹ (yÿhollalo) and understand a Polel form of the root הָלַל meaning here “mock, taunt.”

[52:5]  55 tn The verb is apparently a Hitpolal form (with assimilated tav, ת) from the root נָאַץ (naats), but GKC 151-52 §55.b explains it as a mixed form, combining Pual and Hitpolel readings.

[58:6]  56 tn Heb “Is this not a fast I choose?” “No” is supplied in the translation for clarification.

[58:6]  57 tn The words “I want you” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[58:6]  58 tn Heb “crushed.”

[50:33]  59 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies.” For an explanation of this title see the study note on 2:19.

[50:33]  60 tn Heb “Oppressed are the people of Israel and the people of Judah together,” i.e., both the people of Israel and Judah are oppressed. However, neither of these renderings is very poetic. The translation seeks to achieve the same meaning with better poetic expression.

[50:34]  61 sn Heb “their redeemer.” The Hebrew term “redeemer” referred in Israelite family law to the nearest male relative who was responsible for securing the freedom of a relative who had been sold into slavery. For further discussion of this term as well as its metaphorical use to refer to God as the one who frees Israel from bondage in Egypt and from exile in Assyria and Babylonia see the study note on 31:11.

[50:34]  62 tn Heb “Yahweh of armies is his name.” For the rendering of this title see the study note on 2:19.

[50:34]  63 tn Or “he will certainly champion.” The infinitive absolute before the finite verb here is probably functioning to intensify the verb rather than to express the certainty of the action (cf. GKC 333 §112.n and compare usage in Gen 43:3 and 1 Sam 20:6 listed there).

[50:34]  64 tn This appears to be another case where the particle לְמַעַן (lÿmaan) introduces a result rather than giving the purpose or goal. See the translator’s note on 25:7 for a listing of other examples in the book of Jeremiah and also the translator’s note on 27:10.

[50:34]  65 tn Heb “he will bring rest to the earth and will cause unrest to.” The terms “rest” and “unrest” have been doubly translated to give more of the idea underlying these two concepts.

[50:34]  66 tn This translation again reflects the problem often encountered in these prophecies where the Lord appears to be speaking but refers to himself in the third person. It would be possible to translate here using the first person as CEV and NIrV do. However, to sustain that over the whole verse results in a considerably greater degree of paraphrase. The verse could be rendered “But I am strong and I will rescue them. I am the Lord who rules over all. I will champion their cause. And I will bring peace and rest to….”

[3:3]  67 tn Heb “who.”

[3:3]  68 tc The MT reads “and they chop up as in a pot.” The translation assumes an emendation of כַּאֲשֶׁר (kaasher, “as”) to כִּשְׁאֵר (kisher, “like flesh”).



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