1 Kings 3:9-28

3:9 So give your servant a discerning mind ¹  so he can make judicial decisions for ²  your people and distinguish right from wrong. ³  Otherwise ⁴  no one is able ⁵  to make judicial decisions for ⁶  this great nation of yours.” ⁷  3:10 The Lord ⁸  was pleased that Solomon made this request. ⁹  3:11 God said to him, “Because you asked for the ability to make wise judicial decisions, and not for long life, or riches, or vengeance on your enemies, ¹⁰  3:12 I ¹¹  grant your request, ¹²  and give ¹³  you a wise and discerning mind ¹⁴  superior to that of anyone who has preceded or will succeed you. ¹⁵  3:13 Furthermore, I am giving ¹⁶  you what you did not request – riches and honor so that you will be the greatest king of your generation. ¹⁷  3:14 If you follow my instructions ¹⁸  by obeying ¹⁹  my rules and regulations, just as your father David did, ²⁰  then I will grant you long life.” ²¹  3:15 Solomon then woke up and realized it was a dream. ²²  He went to Jerusalem, stood before the ark of the Lord’s covenant, offered up burnt sacrifices, presented peace offerings, ²³  and held a feast for all his servants.

Solomon Demonstrates His Wisdom

3:16 Then two prostitutes came to the king and stood before him. 3:17 One of the women said, “My master, this woman and I live in the same house. I had a baby while she was with me in the house. 3:18 Then three days after I had my baby, this woman also had a baby. We were alone; there was no one else in the house except the two of us. ²⁴  3:19 This woman’s child suffocated ²⁵  during the night when she rolled ²⁶  on top of him. 3:20 She got up in the middle of the night and took my son from my side, while your servant was sleeping. She put him in her arms, and put her dead son in my arms. 3:21 I got up in the morning to nurse my son, and there he was, ²⁷  dead! But when I examined him carefully in the morning, I realized it was not my baby.” ²⁸  3:22 The other woman said, “No! My son is alive; your son is dead!” But the first woman replied, “No, your son is dead; my son is alive.” Each presented her case before the king. ²⁹ 

3:23 The king said, “One says, ‘My son is alive; your son is dead,’ while the other says, ‘No, your son is dead; my son is alive.’” 3:24 The king ordered, “Get me a sword!” So they placed a sword before the king. 3:25 The king then said, “Cut the living child in two, and give half to one and half to the other!” 3:26 The real mother ³⁰  spoke up to the king, for her motherly instincts were aroused. ³¹  She said, “My master, give her the living child! Whatever you do, don’t kill him!” ³²  But the other woman said, “Neither one of us will have him! Let them cut him in two!” 3:27 The king responded, “Give the first woman the living child; don’t kill him. She is the mother.” 3:28 When all Israel heard about the judicial decision which the king had rendered, they respected ³³  the king, for they realized ³⁴  that he possessed supernatural wisdom ³⁵  to make judicial decisions.

1 Kings 4:29-34

4:29 God gave Solomon wisdom and very great discernment; the breadth of his understanding ³⁶  was as infinite as the sand on the seashore. 4:30 Solomon was wiser than all the men of the east and all the sages of Egypt. ³⁷  4:31 He was wiser than any man, including Ethan the Ezrahite or Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. He was famous in all the neighboring nations. ³⁸  4:32 He composed ³⁹  3,000 proverbs and 1,005 songs. 4:33 He produced manuals on botany, describing every kind of plant, ⁴⁰  from the cedars of Lebanon to the hyssop that grows on walls. He also produced manuals on biology, describing ⁴¹  animals, birds, insects, and fish. 4:34 People from all nations came to hear Solomon’s display of wisdom; ⁴²  they came from all the kings of the earth who heard about his wisdom.

Ezra 4:15

4:15 so that he may initiate a search of the records ⁴³  of his predecessors ⁴⁴  and discover in those records ⁴⁵  that this city is rebellious ⁴⁶  and injurious to both kings and provinces, producing internal revolts ⁴⁷  from long ago. ⁴⁸  It is for this very reason that this city was destroyed.

Ezra 4:19

4:19 So I gave orders, ⁴⁹  and it was determined ⁵⁰  that this city from long ago has been engaging in insurrection against kings. It has continually engaged in ⁵¹  rebellion and revolt.

Ezra 5:17--6:1

5:17 “Now if the king is so inclined, ⁵²  let a search be conducted in the royal archives ⁵³  there in Babylon in order to determine whether King Cyrus did in fact issue orders for this temple of God to be rebuilt in Jerusalem. Then let the king send us a decision concerning this matter.”

Darius Issues a Decree

6:1 So Darius the king issued orders, and they searched in the archives ⁵⁴  of the treasury which were deposited there in Babylon.

Job 29:16

29:16 I was a father ⁵⁵  to the needy,

and I investigated the case of the person I did not know;

[3:9]  ¹ tn Heb “a hearing heart.” (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)

[3:9]  ² tn Heb “to judge.”

[3:9]  ³ tn Heb “to understand between good and evil.”

[3:9]  ⁴ tn Heb “for”; the word “otherwise” is used to reflect the logical sense of the statement.

[3:9]  ⁵ tn Heb “who is able?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “no one.”

[3:9]  ⁶ tn Heb “to judge.”

[3:9]  ⁷ tn Heb “your numerous people.”

[3:10]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here and in v.15 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[3:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “And the thing was good in the eyes of the Lord, for Solomon asked for this thing.”

[3:11]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “because you asked for this thing, and did not ask for yourself many days and did not ask for yourself riches and did not ask for the life of your enemies, but you asked for yourself understanding to hear judgment.”

[3:12]  ¹¹ tn This statement is introduced in the Hebrew text by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) which draws attention to and emphasizes what follows.

[3:12]  ¹² tn Heb “I am doing according to your words.” The perfect tense is sometimes used of actions occurring at the same time a statement is made.

[3:12]  ¹³ tn This statement is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) which draws attention to and emphasizes what follows. The translation assumes that the perfect tense here indicates that the action occurs as the statement is made (i.e., “right now I give you”).

[3:12]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “heart.” (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)

[3:12]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “so that there has not been one like you prior to you, and after you one will not arise like you.”

[3:13]  ¹⁶ tn The translation assumes that the perfect tense here indicates that the action occurs as the statement is made.

[3:13]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “so that there is not one among the kings like you all your days.” The LXX lacks the words “all your days.”

[3:14]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “walk in my ways.”

[3:14]  ¹⁹ tn Or “keeping.”

[3:14]  ²⁰ tn Heb “walked.”

[3:14]  ²¹ tn Heb “I will lengthen your days.”

[3:15]  ²² tn Heb “and look, a dream.”

[3:15]  ²³ tn Or “tokens of peace”; NIV, TEV “fellowship offerings.”

[3:18]  ²⁴ sn There was no one else in the house except the two of us. In other words, there were no other witnesses to the births who could identify which child belonged to which mother.

[3:19]  ²⁵ tn Heb “died.”

[3:19]  ²⁶ tn Heb “lay, slept.”

[3:21]  ²⁷ tn Heb “look.”

[3:21]  ²⁸ tn Heb “look, it was not my son to whom I had given birth.”

[3:22]  ²⁹ tn Heb “they spoke before the king.” Another option is to translate, “they argued before the king.”

[3:26]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the woman whose son was alive.”

[3:26]  ³¹ tn Heb “for her compassions grew warm for her son.”

[3:26]  ³² tn The infinitive absolute before the negated jussive emphasizes the main verb.

[3:28]  ³³ tn Heb “feared,” perhaps in the sense, “stood in awe of.”

[3:28]  ³⁴ tn Heb “saw.”

[3:28]  ³⁵ tn Heb “the wisdom of God within him.”

[4:29]  ³⁶ tn Heb “heart,” i.e., mind. (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)

[4:30]  ³⁷ tn Heb “the wisdom of Solomon was greater than the wisdom of all the sons of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.”

[4:31]  ³⁸ tn Heb “his name was in all the surrounding nations.”

[4:32]  ³⁹ tn Heb “spoke.”

[4:33]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “he spoke about plants.”

[4:33]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “he spoke about.”

[4:34]  ⁴² tn Heb “the wisdom of Solomon.”

[4:15]  ⁴³ tn Aram “the book of the minutes.”

[4:15]  ⁴⁴ tn Aram “of your fathers.”

[4:15]  ⁴⁵ tn Aram “discover…and learn.” For stylistic reasons this has been translated as a single concept.

[4:15]  ⁴⁶ tn Aram “is a rebellious city.”

[4:15]  ⁴⁷ tn Aram “revolts they are making in its midst.”

[4:15]  ⁴⁸ tn Aram “from olden days.” So also in v. 19.

[4:19]  ⁴⁹ tn Aram “from me was placed a decree.”

[4:19]  ⁵⁰ tn Aram “and they searched and found.”

[4:19]  ⁵¹ tn Aram “are being done.”

[5:17]  ⁵² tn Aram “if upon the king it is good.”

[5:17]  ⁵³ tn Aram “the house of the treasures of the king.”

[6:1]  ⁵⁴ tn Aram “the house of the archives.”

[29:16]  ⁵⁵ sn The word “father” does not have a wide range of meanings in the OT. But there are places that it is metaphorical, especially in a legal setting like this where the poor need aid.