1 Samuel 13:6

13:6 The men of Israel realized they had a problem because their army was hard pressed. So the army hid in caves, thickets, cliffs, strongholds, ¹  and cisterns.

1 Samuel 13:2

13:2 Saul selected for himself three thousand men from Israel. Two thousand of these were with Saul at Micmash and in the hill country of Bethel; ²  the remaining thousand were with Jonathan at Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin. ³  He sent all the rest of the people back home. ⁴ 

1 Samuel 1:11

1:11 She made a vow saying, “O Lord of hosts, if you will look with compassion ⁵  on the suffering of your female servant, ⁶  remembering me and not forgetting your servant, and give a male child ⁷  to your servant, then I will dedicate him to the Lord all the days of his life. His hair will never be cut.” ⁸ 

Isaiah 2:19-21

2:19 They ⁹  will go into caves in the rocky cliffs

and into holes in the ground, ¹⁰ 

trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord ¹¹ 

and his royal splendor,

when he rises up to terrify the earth. ¹² 

2:20 At that time ¹³  men will throw

their silver and gold idols,

which they made for themselves to worship, ¹⁴ 

into the caves where rodents and bats live, ¹⁵ 

2:21 so they themselves can go into the crevices of the rocky cliffs

and the openings under the rocky overhangs, ¹⁶ 

trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord ¹⁷ 

and his royal splendor,

when he rises up to terrify the earth. ¹⁸ 

Luke 23:30

23:30 Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ¹⁹  ‘Fall on us!’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us!’ ²⁰ 

Revelation 6:15-17

6:15 Then ²¹  the kings of the earth, the ²²  very important people, the generals, ²³  the rich, the powerful, and everyone, slave ²⁴  and free, hid themselves in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains. 6:16 They ²⁵  said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one who is seated on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb, ²⁶  6:17 because the great day of their ²⁷  wrath has come, and who is able to withstand it?” ²⁸ 

[13:6]  ¹ tn Or perhaps “vaults.” This rare term also occurs in Judg 9:46, 49. Cf. KJV “high places”; ASV “coverts”; NAB “caverns”; NASB “cellars”; NIV, NCV, TEV “pits”; NRSV, NLT “tombs.”

[13:2]  ² map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[13:2]  ³ tn Heb “at Gibeah of Benjamin.” The words “in the territory” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[13:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “each one to his tents.”

[1:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “if looking you look.” The expression can refer, as here, to looking favorably upon another, in this case with compassion.

[1:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “handmaid.” The use of this term (translated two more times in this verse and once each in vv. 16, 17 simply as “servant” for stylistic reasons) is an expression of humility.

[1:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “seed of men.”

[1:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “a razor will not go up upon his head.”

[2:19]  ⁹ tn The identity of the grammatical subject is unclear. The “idols” could be the subject; they will “go” into the caves and holes when the idolaters throw them there in their haste to escape God’s judgment (see vv. 20-21). The picture of the idols, which represent the foreign deities worshiped by the people, fleeing from the Lord would be highly polemical and fit the overall mood of the chapter. However it seems more likely that the idolaters themselves are the subject, for v. 10 uses similar language in sarcastically urging them to run from judgment.

[2:19]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “dust”; ASV “into the holes of the earth.”

[2:19]  ¹¹ tn Heb “from the dread of the Lord,” that is, from the dread that he produces in the objects of his judgment.” The words “trying to escape” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[2:19]  ¹² tn Or “land.” It is not certain if these verses are describing the judgment of Judah (see vv. 6-9) or a more universal judgment on all proud men.

[2:20]  ¹³ tn Or “in that day” (KJV).

[2:20]  ¹⁴ tn Or “bow down to.”

[2:20]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “to the shrews and to the bats.” On the meaning of חֲפַרְפָּרָה (khafarparah, “shrew”), see HALOT 341 s.v. חֲפַרְפָּרָה. The BHS text as it stands (לַחְפֹּר פֵּרוֹת, perot lakhpor), makes no sense. Based on Theodotion’s transliteration and a similar reading in the Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a, most scholars suggest that the MT mistakenly divided a noun (a hapax legomenon) that should be translated “moles,” “shrews,” or “rodents.”

[2:21]  ¹⁶ sn The precise point of vv. 20-21 is not entirely clear. Are they taking the idols into their hiding places with them, because they are so attached to their man-made images? Or are they discarding the idols along the way as they retreat into the darkest places they can find? In either case it is obvious that the gods are incapable of helping them.

[2:21]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “from the dread of the Lord,” that is, from the dread that he produces in the objects of his judgment.” The words “trying to escape” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[2:21]  ¹⁸ tn Or “land.” It is not certain if these verses are describing the judgment of Judah (see vv. 6-9) or a more universal judgment on all proud men. Almost all English versions translate “earth,” taking this to refer to universal judgment.

[23:30]  ¹⁹ sn The figure of crying out to the mountains ‘Fall on us!’ (appealing to creation itself to hide them from God’s wrath), means that a time will come when people will feel they are better off dead (Hos 10:8).

[23:30]  ²⁰ sn An allusion to Hos 10:8 (cf. Rev 6:16).

[6:15]  ²¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[6:15]  ²² tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated; nor is it translated before each of the following categories, since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[6:15]  ²³ tn Grk “chiliarchs.” A chiliarch was normally a military officer commanding a thousand soldiers, but here probably used of higher-ranking commanders like generals (see L&N 55.15; cf. Rev 6:15).

[6:15]  ²⁴ tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.

[6:16]  ²⁵ tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:16]  ²⁶ tn It is difficult to say where this quotation ends. The translation ends it after “withstand it” at the end of v. 17, but it is possible that it should end here, after “Lamb” at the end of v. 16. If it ends after “Lamb,” v. 17 is a parenthetical explanation by the author.

[6:17]  ²⁷ tc Most mss (A Ï bo) change the pronoun “their” to “his” (αὐτοῦ, autou) in order to bring the text in line with the mention of the one seated on the throne in the immediately preceding verse, and to remove the ambiguity about whose wrath is in view here. The reading αὐτῶν (autwn, “their”) is well supported by א C 1611 1854 2053 2329 2344 pc latt sy. On both internal and external grounds, it should be regarded as original.

[6:17]  ²⁸ tn The translation “to withstand (it)” for ἵστημι (Jisthmi) is based on the imagery of holding one’s ground in a military campaign or an attack (BDAG 482 s.v. B.4).