Discovery Box2 Chronicles 17:3-6
Context17:3 The Lord was with Jehoshaphat because he followed in his ancestor 1 David’s footsteps at the beginning of his reign. 2 He did not seek the Baals, 17:4 but instead sought the God of his ancestors 3 and obeyed 4 his commands, unlike the Israelites. 5 17:5 The Lord made his kingdom secure; 6 all Judah brought tribute to Jehoshaphat, and he became very wealthy and greatly respected. 7 17:6 He was committed to following the Lord; 8 he even removed the high places and Asherah poles from Judah.
2 Chronicles 19:3-4
Context19:3 Nevertheless you have done some good things; 9 you removed 10 the Asherah poles from the land and you were determined to follow the Lord.” 11
19:4 Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem. 12 He went out among the people from Beer Sheba to the hill country of Ephraim and encouraged them to follow 13 the Lord God of their ancestors. 14
2 Chronicles 20:3-30
Context20:3 Jehoshaphat was afraid, so he decided to seek the Lord’s advice. 15 He decreed that all Judah should observe a fast. 20:4 The people of Judah 16 assembled to ask for the Lord’s help; 17 they came from all the cities of Judah to ask for the Lord’s help. 18
20:5 Jehoshaphat stood before the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem 19 at the Lord’s temple, in front of the new courtyard. 20:6 He prayed: “O Lord God of our ancestors, 20 you are the God who lives in heaven 21 and rules over all the kingdoms of the nations. You possess strength and power; no one can stand against you. 20:7 Our God, you drove out 22 the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel and gave it as a permanent possession 23 to the descendants of your friend 24 Abraham. 20:8 They settled down in it and built in it a temple 25 to honor you, 26 saying, 20:9 ‘If disaster comes on us in the form of military attack, 27 judgment, plague, or famine, we will stand in front of this temple before you, for you are present in this temple. 28 We will cry out to you for help in our distress, so that you will 29 hear and deliver us.’ 20:10 Now the Ammonites, Moabites, and men from Mount Seir are coming! 30 When Israel came from the land of Egypt, you did not allow them to invade these lands. 31 They bypassed them and did not destroy them. 20:11 Look how they are repaying us! They come to drive us out of our allotted land which you assigned to us! 20:12 Our God, will you not judge them? For we are powerless against this huge army that attacks us! We don’t know what we should do; we look to you for help.” 32
20:13 All the men of Judah 33 were standing before the Lord, along with their infants, wives, and children. 20:14 Then in the midst of the assembly, the Lord’s Spirit came upon Jachaziel son of Zechariah, son of Benaiah, son of Jeiel, son of Mattaniah, a Levite and descendant of Asaph. 20:15 He said: “Pay attention, all you people of Judah, 34 residents of Jerusalem, and King Jehoshaphat! This is what the Lord says to you: ‘Don’t be afraid and don’t panic 35 because of this huge army! For the battle is not yours, but God’s. 20:16 Tomorrow march down against them as 36 they come up the Ascent of Ziz. You will find them at the end of the ravine in front of the Desert of Jeruel. 20:17 You will not fight in this battle. Take your positions, stand, and watch the Lord deliver you, 37 O Judah and Jerusalem. Don’t be afraid and don’t panic! 38 Tomorrow march out toward them; the Lord is with you!’”
20:18 Jehoshaphat bowed down with his face toward the ground, and all the people of Judah 39 and the residents of Jerusalem fell down before the Lord and worshiped him. 40 20:19 Then some Levites, from the Kohathites and Korahites, got up and loudly praised the Lord God of Israel. 41
20:20 Early the next morning they marched out to the Desert of Tekoa. When they were ready to march, Jehoshaphat stood up and said: “Listen to me, you people of Judah 42 and residents of Jerusalem! Trust in the Lord your God and you will be safe! 43 Trust in the message of his prophets and you will win.” 20:21 He met 44 with the people and appointed musicians to play before the Lord and praise his majestic splendor. As they marched ahead of the warriors they said: “Give thanks to the Lord, for his loyal love endures.” 45
20:22 When they began to shout and praise, the Lord suddenly attacked 46 the Ammonites, Moabites, and men from Mount Seir 47 who were invading Judah, and they were defeated. 20:23 The Ammonites and Moabites attacked the men from Mount Seir 48 and annihilated them. 49 When they had finished off the men 50 of Seir, they attacked and destroyed one another. 51 20:24 When the men of Judah 52 arrived at the observation post overlooking the desert and looked at 53 the huge army, they saw dead bodies on the ground; there were no survivors! 20:25 Jehoshaphat and his men 54 went to gather the plunder; they found a huge amount of supplies, clothing 55 and valuable items. They carried away everything they could. 56 There was so much plunder, it took them three days to haul it off. 57
20:26 On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berachah, where 58 they praised the Lord. So that place is called the Valley of Berachah 59 to this very day. 20:27 Then all the men of Judah and Jerusalem returned joyfully to Jerusalem with Jehoshaphat leading them; the Lord had given them reason to rejoice over their enemies. 20:28 They entered Jerusalem to the sound of stringed instruments and trumpets and proceeded to the temple of the Lord. 20:29 All the kingdoms of the surrounding lands were afraid of God 60 when they heard how the Lord had fought against Israel’s enemies. 20:30 Jehoshaphat’s kingdom enjoyed peace; his God made him secure on every side. 61
[17:3] 2 tn Heb “for he walked in the ways of David his father [in] the beginning [times].”
[17:4] 5 tn Heb “and not like the behavior of Israel.”
[17:5] 6 tn Heb “established the kingdom in his hand.”
[17:5] 7 tn Heb “and he had wealth and honor in abundance.”
[17:6] 8 tn Heb “and his heart was high in the ways of the
[19:3] 9 tn Heb “nevertheless good things are found with you.”
[19:3] 10 tn Here בָּעַר (ba’ar) is not the well attested verb “burn,” but the less common homonym meaning “devastate, sweep away, remove.” See HALOT 146 s.v. II בער.
[19:3] 11 tn Heb “and you set your heart to seek the
[19:4] 12 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[19:4] 13 tn Heb “and turned them back to.”
[20:3] 15 tn Heb “and he set his face to seek the
[20:4] 16 tn The words “the people of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. The Hebrew text uses the name “Judah” by metonymy for the people of Judah.
[20:4] 17 tn Heb “to seek from the
[20:4] 18 tn Heb “to seek the
[20:5] 19 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[20:6] 20 tn Heb “fathers” (also in v. 33).
[20:6] 21 tn Heb “are you not God in heaven?” The rhetorical question expects the answer “yes,” resulting in the positive statement “you are the God who lives in heaven” employed in the translation.
[20:7] 22 tn Heb “did you not drive out?” This is another rhetorical question which expects a positive response; see the note on the word “heaven” in the previous verse.
[20:7] 23 tn Heb “permanently.”
[20:7] 24 tn Or perhaps “your covenantal partner.” See Isa 41:8.
[20:8] 26 tn Heb “for your name.” The word “name” sometimes refers to one’s reputation or honor (thus the translation here, “to honor you
[20:9] 28 tn Heb “for your name is in this house.” The “name” of the
[20:9] 29 tn Or “so that you may.”
[20:10] 30 tn Heb “now, look, the sons of Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir.”
[20:10] 31 tn Heb “whom you did not allow Israel to enter when they came from the land of Egypt.”
[20:12] 32 tn Heb “for [or “indeed”] upon you are our eyes.”
[20:13] 33 tn Heb “Judah.” The words “the men of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. The Hebrew text uses the name “Judah” by metonymy for the men of Judah.
[20:15] 34 tn Heb “all Judah.” The words “you people of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. The Hebrew text uses the name “Judah” by metonymy for the people of Judah. Unlike the previous instance in v. 13 where infants, wives, and children are mentioned separately, this reference appears to include them all.
[20:15] 35 tn Or perhaps “don’t get discouraged.”
[20:17] 37 tn Heb “the deliverance of the
[20:17] 38 tn Or perhaps “don’t get discouraged.”
[20:18] 39 tn Heb “all Judah.” The words “you people of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. See the note on the word “Judah” in v. 15.
[20:18] 40 tn Heb “to worship the
[20:19] 41 tn Heb “arose to praise the
[20:20] 42 tn Heb “O Judah.” The words “you people of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. See the note on the word “Judah” in v. 15.
[20:20] 43 tn There is a wordplay in the Hebrew text. The Hiphil verb form הַאֲמִינוּ (ha’aminu, “trust”) and the Niphal form תֵאָמֵנוּ (te’amenu, “you will be safe”) come from the same verbal root (אָמַן, ’aman).
[20:21] 45 tn Or “is eternal.”
[20:22] 46 tn Heb “set ambushers against.” This is probably idiomatic here for launching a surprise attack.
[20:22] 47 tn Heb “the sons of Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir.”
[20:23] 48 tn Heb “the sons of Ammon and Moab stood against the residents of Mount Seir.”
[20:23] 49 tn Heb “to annihilate and to destroy.”
[20:23] 50 tn Heb “residents.”
[20:23] 51 tn Heb “they helped, each one his fellow, for destruction.” The verb עָזַר (’azar), traditionally understood as the well-attested verb meaning “to help,” is an odd fit in this context. It is possible that it is from a homonymic root, perhaps meaning to “attack.” This root is attested in Ugaritic in a nominal form meaning “young man, warrior, hero.” For a discussion of the proposed root, see HALOT 811 s.v. II עזר.
[20:24] 52 tn Heb “Judah.” The words “the men of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. The Hebrew text uses the name “Judah” by metonymy for the men of Judah.
[20:24] 53 tn Heb “turned toward.”
[20:25] 55 tc The MT reads פְגָרִים (fÿgarim, “corpses”), but this seems odd among a list of plunder. A few medieval Hebrew
[20:25] 56 tn Heb “and they snatched away for themselves so that there was no carrying away.”
[20:25] 57 tn Heb “and they were three days looting the plunder for it was great.”
[20:26] 58 tn Heb “for there.”
[20:26] 59 sn The name Berachah, which means “blessing” in Hebrew, is derived from the verbal root “to praise [or “to bless”],” which appears earlier in the verse.
[20:29] 60 tn Heb “and the terror of God [or “a great terror”] was upon all the kingdoms of the lands.” It is uncertain if אֱלֹהִים (’elohim) should be understood as a proper name here (“God”), or taken in an idiomatic superlative sense.
