Discovery Box2 Kings 16:3
Context16:3 He followed in the footsteps of 1 the kings of Israel. He passed his son through the fire, 2 a horrible sin practiced by the nations 3 whom the Lord drove out from before the Israelites.
2 Kings 17:17
Context17:17 They passed their sons and daughters through the fire, 4 and practiced divination and omen reading. They committed themselves to doing evil in the sight of the Lord and made him angry. 5
Leviticus 18:21
Context18:21 You must not give any of your children as an offering to Molech, 6 so that you do not profane 7 the name of your God. I am the Lord!
Leviticus 20:2-3
Context20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel 8 who gives any of his children 9 to Molech 10 must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. 11 20:3 I myself will set my face 12 against that man and cut him off from the midst of his people, 13 because he has given some of his children to Molech and thereby defiled my sanctuary and profaned my holy name. 14
Leviticus 20:2
Context20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel 15 who gives any of his children 16 to Molech 17 must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. 18
Leviticus 1:3
Context1:3 “‘If his offering is a burnt offering 19 from the herd he must present it as a flawless male; he must present it at the entrance 20 of the Meeting Tent for its 21 acceptance before the Lord.
Leviticus 1:6
Context1:6 Next, the one presenting the offering 22 must skin the burnt offering and cut it into parts,
Micah 6:7
Context6:7 Will the Lord accept a thousand rams,
or ten thousand streams of olive oil?
Should I give him my firstborn child as payment for my rebellion,
my offspring – my own flesh and blood – for my sin? 23
[16:3] 1 tn Heb “he walked in the way of.”
[16:3] 2 sn This may refer to child sacrifice, though some interpret it as a less drastic cultic practice. For discussion see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 266-67.
[16:3] 3 tn Heb “like the abominable practices of the nations.”
[17:17] 4 sn See the note at 2 Kgs 16:3.
[17:17] 5 tn Heb “they sold themselves to doing what was evil in the eyes of the
[18:21] 6 tn Heb “And from your seed you shall not give to cause to pass over to Molech.” Smr (cf. also the LXX) has “to cause to serve” rather than “to cause to pass over.” For detailed remarks on Molech and Molech worship see N. H. Snaith, Leviticus and Numbers (NCBC), 87-88; P. J. Budd, Leviticus (NCBC), 259-60; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 333-37, and the literature cited there. It could refer to either human sacrifice or a devotion of children to some sort of service of Molech, perhaps of a sexual sort (cf. Lev 20:2-5; 2 Kgs 23:10, etc.). The inclusion of this prohibition against Molech worship here may be due to some sexual connection of this kind, or perhaps simply to the lexical link between זֶרַע (zera’) meaning “seed, semen” in v. 20 but “offspring” in v. 21.
[18:21] 7 tn Heb “and you shall not profane.” Regarding “profane,” see the note on Lev 10:10 above.
[20:2] 8 tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”
[20:2] 9 tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.
[20:2] 10 tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.
[20:2] 11 tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).
[20:3] 12 tn Heb “And I, I shall give my faces.”
[20:3] 13 sn On the “cut off” penalty see the notes on Lev 7:20 and 17:4.
[20:3] 14 tn Heb “for the sake of defiling my sanctuary and to profane my holy name.”
[20:2] 15 tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”
[20:2] 16 tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.
[20:2] 17 tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.
[20:2] 18 tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).
[1:3] 19 sn The burnt offering (עֹלָה, ’olah) was basically a “a gift of a soothing aroma to the
[1:3] 20 tn Heb “door” (so KJV, ASV); NASB “doorway” (likewise throughout the book of Leviticus). The translation “door” or “doorway” may suggest a framed door in a casing to the modern reader, but here the term refers to the entrance to a tent.
[1:3] 21 tn The NIV correctly has “it” in the text, referring to the acceptance of the animal (cf., e.g., RSV, NEB, NLT), but “he” in the margin, referring to the acceptance of the offerer (cf. ASV, NASB, JB). The reference to a “flawless male” in the first half of this verse suggests that the issue here is the acceptability of the animal to make atonement on behalf of the offerer (Lev 1:4; cf. NRSV “for acceptance in your behalf”).
[1:6] 22 tn Heb “Then he”; the referent (the offerer) has been specified in the translation for clarity. The LXX and Smr have “they” rather than “he” in both halves of this verse, suggesting that the priests, not the offerer, were to skin and cut the carcass of the bull into pieces (cf. the notes on vv. 5a and 9a).
[6:7] 23 tn Heb “the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) is often translated “soul,” but the word usually refers to the whole person; here “the sin of my soul” = “my sin.”
