Discovery Box2 Samuel 8:7-11
Context8:7 David took the golden shields that belonged to Hadadezer’s servants and brought them to Jerusalem. 1 8:8 From Tebah 2 and Berothai, Hadadezer’s cities, King David took a great deal of bronze.
8:9 When King Toi 3 of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 8:10 he 4 sent his son Joram 5 to King David to extend his best wishes 6 and to pronounce a blessing on him for his victory over Hadadezer, for Toi had been at war with Hadadezer. 7 He brought with him various items made of silver, gold, and bronze. 8 8:11 King David dedicated these things to the Lord, 9 along with the dedicated silver and gold that he had taken from 10 all the nations that he had subdued,
2 Samuel 8:1
Context8:1 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. David took Metheg Ammah 11 from the Philistines. 12
2 Samuel 18:7-8
Context18:7 The army of Israel was defeated there by David’s men. 13 The slaughter there was great that day – 20,000 soldiers were killed. 18:8 The battle there was spread out over the whole area, and the forest consumed more soldiers than the sword devoured that day.
2 Samuel 18:10-11
Context18:10 When one 14 of the men saw this, he reported it to Joab saying, “I saw Absalom hanging in an oak tree. 18:11 Joab replied to the man who was telling him this, “What! You saw this? Why didn’t you strike him down right on the spot? 15 I would have given you ten pieces of silver 16 and a commemorative belt!” 17
2 Samuel 1:26
Context1:26 I grieve over you, my brother Jonathan!
You were very dear to me.
Your love was more special to me than the love of women.
2 Samuel 1:11-18
Context1:11 David then grabbed his own clothes 18 and tore them, as did all the men who were with him. 1:12 They lamented and wept and fasted until evening because Saul, his son Jonathan, the Lord’s people, and the house of Israel had fallen by the sword.
1:13 David said to the young man who told this to him, “Where are you from?” He replied, “I am an Amalekite, the son of a resident foreigner.” 19 1:14 David replied to him, “How is it that you were not afraid to reach out your hand to destroy the Lord’s anointed?” 1:15 Then David called one of the soldiers 20 and said, “Come here and strike him down!” So he struck him down, and he died. 1:16 David said to him, “Your blood be on your own head! Your own mouth has testified against you, saying ‘I have put the Lord’s anointed to death.’”
1:17 Then David chanted this lament over Saul and his son Jonathan. 1:18 (He gave instructions that the people of Judah should be taught “The Bow.” 21 Indeed, it is written down in the Book of Yashar.) 22
2 Samuel 1:2-8
Context1:2 On the third day a man arrived from the camp of Saul with his clothes torn and dirt on his head. 23 When he approached David, the man 24 threw himself to the ground. 25
1:3 David asked him, “Where are you coming from?” He replied, “I have escaped from the camp of Israel.” 1:4 David inquired, “How were things going? 26 Tell me!” He replied, “The people fled from the battle and many of them 27 fell dead. 28 Even Saul and his son Jonathan are dead!” 1:5 David said to the young man 29 who was telling him this, “How do you know that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?” 30 1:6 The young man who was telling him this 31 said, “I just happened to be on Mount Gilboa and came across Saul leaning on his spear for support. The chariots and leaders of the horsemen were in hot pursuit of him. 1:7 When he turned around and saw me, he called out to me. I answered, ‘Here I am!’ 1:8 He asked me, ‘Who are you?’ I told him, ‘I’m 32 an Amalekite.’
2 Samuel 1:2
Context1:2 On the third day a man arrived from the camp of Saul with his clothes torn and dirt on his head. 33 When he approached David, the man 34 threw himself to the ground. 35
2 Samuel 5:1
Context5:1 All the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron saying, “Look, we are your very flesh and blood! 36
[8:7] 1 tc The LXX includes seventeen words (in Greek) at the end of v. 7 that are not found in the MT. The LXX addition is as follows: “And Sousakim king of Egypt took them when he came up to Jerusalem in the days of Rehoboam the son of Solomon.” This Greek reading now finds Hebrew support in 4QSama. For a reconstruction of this poorly preserved Qumran text see E. C. Ulrich, Jr., The Qumran Text of Samuel and Josephus (HSM), 45-48.
[8:8] 2 tn Heb “Betah” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV), but the name should probably be corrected to “Tebah.” See the parallel text in 1 Chr 18:8.
[8:9] 3 tn The name is spelled “Tou” in the parallel text in 1 Chr 18:9. NIV adopts the spelling “Tou” here.
[8:10] 4 tn Heb “Toi.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[8:10] 5 tn The name appears as “Hadoram” in the parallel text in 1 Chr 18:10.
[8:10] 6 tn Heb “to ask concerning him for peace.”
[8:10] 7 tn Heb “and to bless him because he fought with Hadadezer and defeated him, for Hadadezer was a man of battles with Toi.”
[8:10] 8 tn Heb “and in his hand were items of silver and items of gold and items of bronze.”
[8:11] 9 tn Heb “also them King David made holy to the
[8:11] 10 tn Heb “with the silver and the gold that he had dedicated from.”
[8:1] 11 tn Heb “the bridle of one cubit.” Many English versions treat this as a place name because the parallel text in 1 Chr 18:1 reads “Gath” (which is used by NLT here). It is possible that “the bridle of one cubit” is to be understood as “the token of surrender,” referring to the Philistine’s defeat rather than a specific place (cf. TEV, CEV).
[8:1] 12 tn Heb “from the hand [i.e., control] of the Philistines.”
[18:7] 13 tn Heb “servants” (also in v. 9).
[18:10] 14 tc 4QSama lacks the word “one.”
[18:11] 15 tn Heb “Why did you not strike him down there to the ground.”
[18:11] 16 tn Heb “ten [shekels] of silver.” This would have been about 4 ounces (114 grams) of silver by weight.
[18:11] 17 tn Heb “and a girdle” (so KJV); NIV “a warrior’s belt”; CEV “a special belt”; NLT “a hero’s belt.”
[1:11] 18 tc The present translation follows the Qere and many medieval Hebrew
[1:13] 19 tn The Hebrew word used here refers to a foreigner whose social standing was something less than that of native residents of the land, but something more than that of a nonresident alien who was merely passing through.
[1:18] 21 tn Heb “be taught the bow.” The reference to “the bow” is very difficult here. Some interpreters (e.g., S. R. Driver, P. K. McCarter, Jr.) suggest deleting the word from the text (cf. NAB, TEV), but there does not seem to be sufficient evidence for doing so. Others (cf. KJV) understand the reference to be elliptical, meaning “the use of the bow.” The verse would then imply that with the deaths of Saul and Jonathan having occurred, a period of trying warfare is about to begin, requiring adequate preparation for war on the part of the younger generation. Various other views may also be found in the secondary literature. However, it seems best to understand the word here to be a reference to the name of a song (i.e., “The Bow”), most likely the poem that follows in vv. 19-27 (cf. ASV, NASB, NRSV, CEV, NLT); NIV “this lament of the bow.” To make this clear the words “the song of” are supplied in the translation.
[1:18] 22 sn The Book of Yashar is a noncanonical writing no longer in existence. It is referred to here and in Josh 10:12-13 and 1 Kgs 8:12-13. It apparently was “a collection of ancient national poetry” (so BDB 449 s.v. יָשָׁר).
[1:2] 23 sn Tearing one’s clothing and throwing dirt on one’s head were outward expressions of grief in the ancient Near East, where such demonstrable reactions were a common response to tragic news.
[1:2] 24 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the man mentioned at the beginning of v. 2) has been specified in the translation to avoid confusion as to who fell to the ground.
[1:2] 25 tn Heb “he fell to the ground and did obeisance.”
[1:4] 26 tn Heb “What was the word?”
[1:4] 27 tn Heb “from the people.”
[1:4] 28 tn Heb “fell and died.”
[1:5] 29 tn In v. 2 he is called simply a “man.” The word used here in v. 5 (so also in vv. 6, 13, 15), though usually referring to a young man or servant, may in this context designate a “fighting” man, i.e., a soldier.
[1:5] 30 tc Instead of the MT “who was recounting this to him, ‘How do you know that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?’” the Syriac Peshitta reads “declare to me how Saul and his son Jonathan died.”
[1:6] 31 tc The Syriac Peshitta and one
[1:8] 32 tc The present translation reads with the Qere and many medieval Hebrew
[1:2] 33 sn Tearing one’s clothing and throwing dirt on one’s head were outward expressions of grief in the ancient Near East, where such demonstrable reactions were a common response to tragic news.
[1:2] 34 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the man mentioned at the beginning of v. 2) has been specified in the translation to avoid confusion as to who fell to the ground.
