Acts 20:16

20:16 For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus ¹  so as not to spend time ²  in the province of Asia, ³  for he was hurrying ⁴  to arrive in Jerusalem, ⁵  if possible, ⁶  by the day of Pentecost.

Exodus 23:16

23:16 “You are also to observe ⁷  the Feast of Harvest, the firstfruits of your labors that you have sown in the field, and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year ⁸  when you have gathered in ⁹  your harvest ¹⁰  out of the field.

Exodus 34:22

34:22 “You must observe ¹¹  the Feast of Weeks – the firstfruits of the harvest of wheat – and the Feast of Ingathering at the end ¹²  of the year.

Leviticus 23:15-21

The Festival of Weeks

23:15 “‘You must count for yourselves seven weeks from the day after the Sabbath, from the day you bring the wave offering sheaf; they must be complete weeks. ¹³  23:16 You must count fifty days – until the day after the seventh Sabbath – and then ¹⁴  you must present a new grain offering to the Lord. 23:17 From the places where you live you must bring two loaves of ¹⁵  bread for a wave offering; they must be made from two tenths of an ephah of fine wheat flour, baked with yeast, ¹⁶  as first fruits to the Lord. 23:18 Along with the loaves of bread, ¹⁷  you must also present seven flawless yearling lambs, ¹⁸  one young bull, ¹⁹  and two rams. ²⁰  They are to be a burnt offering to the Lord along with their grain offering ²¹  and drink offerings, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord. ²²  23:19 You must also offer ²³  one male goat ²⁴  for a sin offering and two yearling lambs for a peace offering sacrifice, 23:20 and the priest is to wave them – the two lambs ²⁵  – along with the bread of the first fruits, as a wave offering before the Lord; they will be holy to the Lord for the priest.

23:21 “‘On this very day you must proclaim an assembly; it is to be a holy assembly for you. ²⁶  You must not do any regular work. This is a perpetual statute in all the places where you live throughout your generations. ²⁷ 

Numbers 28:16-31

Passover and Unleavened Bread

28:16 “‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is the Lord’s Passover. 28:17 And on the fifteenth day of this month is the festival. For seven days bread made without yeast must be eaten. 28:18 And on the first day there is to be a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work ²⁸  on it.

28:19 “‘But you must offer to the Lord an offering made by fire, a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs one year old; they must all be unblemished. ²⁹  28:20 And their grain offering is to be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil. For each bull you must offer three-tenths of an ephah, and two-tenths for the ram. 28:21 For each of the seven lambs you are to offer one-tenth of an ephah, 28:22 as well as one goat for a purification offering, to make atonement for you. 28:23 You must offer these in addition to the burnt offering in the morning which is for a continual burnt offering. 28:24 In this manner you must offer daily throughout the seven days the food of the sacrifice made by fire as a sweet aroma to the Lord. It is to be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering. 28:25 On the seventh day you are to have a holy assembly, you must do no regular work.

Firstfruits

28:26 “‘Also, on the day of the first fruits, when you bring a new grain offering to the Lord during your Feast of Weeks, you are to have a holy assembly. You must do no ordinary work. 28:27 But you must offer as the burnt offering, as a sweet aroma to the Lord, two young bulls, one ram, seven lambs one year old, 28:28 with their grain offering of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil: three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for the one ram, 28:29 with one-tenth for each of the seven lambs, 28:30 as well as one male goat to make an atonement for you. 28:31 You are to offer them with their drink offerings in addition to the continual burnt offering and its grain offering – they must be unblemished.

Deuteronomy 16:9-12

The Festival of Weeks

16:9 You must count seven weeks; you must begin to count them ³⁰  from the time you begin to harvest the standing grain. 16:10 Then you are to celebrate the Festival of Weeks ³¹  before the Lord your God with the voluntary offering ³²  that you will bring, in proportion to how he ³³  has blessed you. 16:11 You shall rejoice before him ³⁴  – you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites in your villages, ³⁵  the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows among you – in the place where the Lord chooses to locate his name. 16:12 Furthermore, remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and so be careful to observe these statutes.

Deuteronomy 16:1

The Passover-Unleavened Bread Festival

16:1 Observe the month Abib ³⁶  and keep the Passover to the Lord your God, for in that month ³⁷  he ³⁸  brought you out of Egypt by night.

Colossians 1:8

1:8 who also told us of your love in the Spirit.

[20:16]  ¹ map For location see JP1 D2; JP2 D2; JP3 D2; JP4 D2.

[20:16]  ² tn Grk “so that he might not have to spend time.” L&N 67.79 has “ὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι ἐν τῇ ᾿Ασίᾳ ‘so as not to spend any time in the province of Asia’ Ac 20:16.”

[20:16]  ³ tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

[20:16]  ⁴ tn Or “was eager.”

[20:16]  ⁵ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[20:16]  ⁶ tn Grk “if it could be to him” (an idiom).

[23:16]  ⁷ tn The words “you are also to observe” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[23:16]  ⁸ tn An infinitive construct with a preposition and a pronominal suffix is used to make a temporal clause: “in the going in of the year.” The word “year” is the subjective genitive, the subject of the clause.

[23:16]  ⁹ tn An infinitive construct with a preposition and a pronominal suffix is used to make a temporal clause: “in the ingathering of you.”

[23:16]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “gathered in your labors.” This is a metonymy of cause put for the effect. “Labors” are not gathered in, but what the labors produced – the harvest.

[34:22]  ¹¹ tn The imperfect tense means “you will do”; it is followed by the preposition with a suffix to express the ethical dative to stress the subject.

[34:22]  ¹² tn The expression is “the turn of the year,” which is parallel to “the going out of the year,” and means the end of the agricultural season.

[23:15]  ¹³ tn Heb “seven Sabbaths, they shall be complete.” The disjunctive accent under “Sabbaths” precludes the translation “seven complete Sabbaths” (as NASB, NIV; cf. NAB, NRSV, NLT). The text is somewhat awkward, which may explain why the LXX tradition is confused here, either adding “you shall count” again at the end of the verse, or leaving out “they shall be,” or keeping “they shall be” and adding “to you.”

[23:16]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and.” In the translation “then” is supplied to clarify the sequence.

[23:17]  ¹⁵ tc Smr, LXX, Syriac, Tg. Onq., and Tg. Ps.-J. insert the word חַלּוֹת (khallot, “loaves”; cf. Lev 2:4 and the note there). Even though “loaves” is not explicit in the MT, the number “two” suggests that these are discrete units, not just a measure of flour, so “loaves” should be assumed even in the MT.

[23:17]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “with leaven.” The noun “leaven” is traditional in English versions (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV), but “yeast” is more commonly used today.

[23:18]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “And you shall present on the bread.”

[23:18]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “seven flawless lambs, sons of a year.”

[23:18]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and one bull, a son of a herd.”

[23:18]  ²⁰ tc Smr and LXX add “flawless.”

[23:18]  ²¹ tn Heb “and their grain offering.”

[23:18]  ²² sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

[23:19]  ²³ tn Heb “And you shall make.”

[23:19]  ²⁴ tn Heb “a he-goat of goats.”

[23:20]  ²⁵ tn Smr and LXX have the Hebrew article on “lambs.” The syntax of this verse is difficult. The object of the verb (two lambs) is far removed from the verb itself (shall wave) in the MT, and the preposition עַל (’al, “upon”), rendered “along with” in this verse, is also added to the far removed subject (literally, “upon [the] two lambs”; see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 159). It is clear, however, that the two lambs and the loaves (along with their associated grain and drink offerings) constituted the “wave offering,” which served as the prebend “for the priest.” Burnt and sin offerings (vv. 18-19a) were not included in this (see Lev 7:11-14, 28-36).

[23:21]  ²⁶ tn Heb “And you shall proclaim [an assembly] in the bone of this day; a holy assembly it shall be to you” (see the remarks in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 160, and the remarks on the LXX rendering in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 367).

[23:21]  ²⁷ tn Heb “for your generations.”

[28:18]  ²⁸ tn Heb “any work [of] service”; this means any occupational work, that is, the ordinary service.

[28:19]  ²⁹ tn Heb “unblemished they will be to you.” So also in v. 31.

[16:9]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the seven weeks.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.

[16:10]  ³¹ tn The Hebrew phrase חַג שָׁבֻעוֹת (khag shavu’ot) is otherwise known in the OT (Exod 23:16) as קָצִיר (qatsir, “harvest”) and in the NT as πεντηχοστή (penthcosth, “Pentecost”).

[16:10]  ³² tn Heb “the sufficiency of the offering of your hand.”

[16:10]  ³³ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:11]  ³⁴ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:11]  ³⁵ tn Heb “gates.”

[16:1]  ³⁶ sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar.

[16:1]  ³⁷ tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[16:1]  ³⁸ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.