Discovery BoxDeuteronomy 24:12-17
Context24:12 If the person is poor you may not use what he gives you as security for a covering. 1 24:13 You must by all means 2 return to him at sunset the item he gave you as security so that he may sleep in his outer garment and bless you for it; it will be considered a just 3 deed by the Lord your God.
24:14 You must not oppress a lowly and poor servant, whether one from among your fellow Israelites 4 or from the resident foreigners who are living in your land and villages. 5 24:15 You must pay his wage that very day before the sun sets, for he is poor and his life depends on it. Otherwise he will cry out to the Lord against you, and you will be guilty of sin.
24:16 Fathers must not be put to death for what their children 6 do, nor children for what their fathers do; each must be put to death for his own sin.
24:17 You must not pervert justice due a resident foreigner or an orphan, or take a widow’s garment as security for a loan.
Job 24:7-10
Context24:7 They spend the night naked because they lack clothing;
they have no covering against the cold.
24:8 They are soaked by mountain rains
and huddle 7 in the rocks because they lack shelter.
24:9 The fatherless child is snatched 8 from the breast, 9
the infant of the poor is taken as a pledge. 10
24:10 They go about naked, without clothing,
and go hungry while they carry the sheaves. 11
Isaiah 58:7
Context58:7 I want you 12 to share your food with the hungry
and to provide shelter for homeless, oppressed people. 13
When you see someone naked, clothe him!
Don’t turn your back on your own flesh and blood! 14
James 2:15-16
Context2:15 If a brother or sister 15 is poorly clothed and lacks daily food, 2:16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, keep warm and eat well,” but you do not give them what the body needs, 16 what good is it?
[24:12] 1 tn Heb “may not lie down in his pledge.” What is in view is the use of clothing as guarantee for the repayment of loans, a matter already addressed elsewhere (Deut 23:19-20; 24:6; cf. Exod 22:25-26; Lev 25:35-37). Cf. NAB “you shall not sleep in the mantle he gives as a pledge”; NRSV “in the garment given you as the pledge.”
[24:13] 2 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation seeks to reflect with “by all means.”
[24:13] 3 tn Or “righteous” (so NIV, NLT).
[24:14] 4 tn Heb “your brothers,” but not limited only to actual siblings; cf. NASB “your (+ own NAB) countrymen.”
[24:14] 5 tn Heb “who are in your land in your gates.” The word “living” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[24:16] 6 tn Heb “sons” (so NASB; twice in this verse). Many English versions, including the KJV, read “children” here.
[24:8] 7 tn Heb “embrace” or “hug.”
[24:9] 8 tn The verb with no expressed subject is here again taken in the passive: “they snatch” becomes “[child] is snatched.”
[24:9] 9 tn This word is usually defined as “violence; ruin.” But elsewhere it does mean “breast” (Isa 60:16; 66:11), and that is certainly what it means here.
[24:9] 10 tc The MT has a very brief and strange reading: “they take as a pledge upon the poor.” This could be taken as “they take a pledge against the poor” (ESV). Kamphausen suggested that instead of עַל (’al, “against”) one should read עוּל (’ul, “suckling”). This is supported by the parallelism. “They take as pledge” is also made passive here.
[24:10] 11 sn The point should not be missed – amidst abundant harvests, carrying sheaves about, they are still going hungry.
[58:7] 12 tn Heb “Is it not?” The rhetorical question here expects a positive answer, “It is!”
[58:7] 13 tn Heb “and afflicted [ones], homeless [ones] you should bring [into] a house.” On the meaning of מְרוּדִים (mÿrudim, “homeless”) see HALOT 633 s.v. *מָרוּד.
[58:7] 14 tn Heb “and from your flesh do not hide yourself.”
[2:15] 15 tn It is important to note that the words ἀδελφός (adelfos) and ἀδελφή (adelfh) both occur in the Greek text at this point, confirming that the author intended to refer to both men and women. See the note on “someone” in 2:2.
