Deuteronomy 32:15

Israel’s Rebellion

32:15 But Jeshurun ¹  became fat and kicked,

you ²  got fat, thick, and stuffed!

Then he deserted the God who made him,

and treated the Rock who saved him with contempt.

Obadiah 1:7

1:7 All your allies ³  will force ⁴  you from your homeland! ⁵ 

Your treaty partners ⁶  will deceive you and overpower you.

Your trusted friends ⁷  will set an ambush ⁸  for ⁹  you

that will take you by surprise! ¹⁰ 

John 13:18

The Announcement of Jesus’ Betrayal

13:18 “What I am saying does not refer to all of you. I know the ones I have chosen. But this is to fulfill the scripture, ¹¹  ‘The one who eats my bread ¹²  has turned against me.’ ¹³ 

John 13:26-27

13:26 Jesus replied, ¹⁴  “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread ¹⁵  after I have dipped it in the dish.” ¹⁶  Then he dipped the piece of bread in the dish ¹⁷  and gave it to Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son. 13:27 And after Judas ¹⁸  took the piece of bread, Satan entered into him. ¹⁹  Jesus said to him, ²⁰  “What you are about to do, do quickly.”

[32:15]  ¹ tn To make the continuity of the referent clear, some English versions substitute “Jacob” here (NAB, NRSV) while others replace “Jeshurun” with “Israel” (NCV, CEV, NLT) or “the Lord’s people” (TEV).

[32:15]  ² tc The LXX reads the third person masculine singular (“he”) for the MT second person masculine singular (“you”), but such alterations are unnecessary in Hebrew poetic texts where subjects fluctuate frequently and without warning.

[1:7]  ³ tn Heb “All the men of your covenant”; KJV, ASV “the men of thy confederacy.” In Hebrew “they will send you unto the border” and “all the men of your covenant” appear in two separate poetic lines (cf. NAB “To the border they drive you – all your allies”). Since the second is a noun clause functioning as the subject of the first clause, the two are rendered as a single sentence in the translation.

[1:7]  ⁴ tn Heb “send”; NASB “send you forth”; NAB “drive”; NIV “force.”

[1:7]  ⁵ tn Heb “to the border” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV).

[1:7]  ⁶ tn Heb “the men of your peace.” This expression refers to a political/military alliance or covenant of friendship.

[1:7]  ⁷ tn Heb “your bread,” which makes little sense in the context. The Hebrew word can be revocalized to read “those who eat bread with you,” i.e., “your friends.” Cf. KJV “they that eat thy bread”; NIV “those who eat your bread”; TEV “Those friends who ate with you.”

[1:7]  ⁸ tn Heb “set a trap” (so NIV, NRSV). The meaning of the Hebrew word מָזוֹר (mazor; here translated “ambush”) is uncertain; it occurs nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. The word probably refers to something “spread out” for purposes of entrapment, such as a net. Other possibilities include “trap,” “fetter,” or “stumbling block.”

[1:7]  ⁹ tn Heb “beneath” (so NAB).

[1:7]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “there is no understanding in him.”

[13:18]  ¹¹ tn Grk “But so that the scripture may be fulfilled.”

[13:18]  ¹² tn Or “The one who shares my food.”

[13:18]  ¹³ tn Or “has become my enemy”; Grk “has lifted up his heel against me.” The phrase “to lift up one’s heel against someone” reads literally in the Hebrew of Ps 41 “has made his heel great against me.” There have been numerous interpretations of this phrase, but most likely it is an idiom meaning “has given me a great fall,” “has taken cruel advantage of me,” or “has walked out on me.” Whatever the exact meaning of the idiom, it clearly speaks of betrayal by a close associate. See E. F. F. Bishop, “‘He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me’ – Jn xiii.18 (Ps xli.9),” ExpTim 70 (1958-59): 331-33.

[13:26]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “Jesus answered.”

[13:26]  ¹⁵ sn The piece of bread was a broken-off piece of bread (not merely a crumb).

[13:26]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “after I have dipped it.” The words “in the dish” are not in the Greek text, but the presence of a bowl or dish is implied.

[13:26]  ¹⁷ tn The words “in the dish” are not in the Greek text, but the presence of a bowl or dish is implied.

[13:27]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Judas) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:27]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “into that one”; the pronoun “he” is more natural English style here.

[13:27]  ²⁰ tn Grk “Then Jesus said to him.”