Esther 5:11

5:11 Haman then recounted to them his fabulous wealth, ¹  his many sons, ²  and how the king had magnified him and exalted him over the king’s other officials and servants.

Isaiah 5:14

5:14 So Death ³  will open up its throat,

and open wide its mouth; ⁴ 

Zion’s dignitaries and masses will descend into it,

including those who revel and celebrate within her. ⁵ 

Isaiah 23:9

23:9 The Lord who commands armies planned it –

to dishonor the pride that comes from all her beauty, ⁶ 

to humiliate all the dignitaries of the earth.

Isaiah 23:1

The Lord Will Judge Tyre

23:1 Here is a message about Tyre:

Wail, you large ships, ⁷ 

for the port is too devastated to enter! ⁸ 

From the land of Cyprus ⁹  this news is announced to them.

Isaiah 1:24

1:24 Therefore, the sovereign Lord who commands armies, ¹⁰ 

the powerful ruler of Israel, ¹¹  says this:

“Ah, I will seek vengeance ¹²  against my adversaries,

I will take revenge against my enemies. ¹³ 

[5:11]  ¹ tn Heb “the glory of his riches” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “the splendor of his riches.”

[5:11]  ² sn According to Esth 9:10 Haman had ten sons.

[5:14]  ³ tn Heb “Sheol” (so ASV, NASB, NRSV); the underworld, the land of the dead, according to the OT world view. Cf. NAB “the nether world”; TEV, CEV “the world of the dead”; NLT “the grave.”

[5:14]  ⁴ tn Heb “so Sheol will make wide its throat, and open its mouth without limit.”

[5:14]  ⁵ tn Heb “and her splendor and her masses will go down, and her tumult and the one who exults in her.” The antecedent of the four feminine singular pronominal suffixes used in v. 14b is unclear. The likely referent is personified Zion/Jerusalem (see 3:25-26; 4:4-5).

[23:9]  ⁶ tn Heb “the pride of all the beauty.”

[23:1]  ⁷ tn Heb “ships of Tarshish.” This probably refers to large ships either made in or capable of traveling to the distant western port of Tarshish.

[23:1]  ⁸ tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “for it is destroyed, from a house, from entering.” The translation assumes that the mem (מ) on בַּיִת (bayit) was originally an enclitic mem suffixed to the preceding verb. This assumption allows one to take בַּיִת as the subject of the preceding verb. It is used in a metaphorical sense for the port city of Tyre. The preposition min (מִן) prefixed to בּוֹא (bo’) indicates negative consequence: “so that no one can enter.” See BDB 583 s.v. מִן 7.b.

[23:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “the Kittim,” a designation for the people of Cyprus. See HALOT 504-05 s.v. כִּתִּיִּים.

[1:24]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at v. 9.

[1:24]  ¹¹ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Israel.”

[1:24]  ¹² tn Heb “console myself” (i.e., by getting revenge); NRSV “pour out my wrath on.”

[1:24]  ¹³ sn The Lord here identifies with the oppressed and comes as their defender and vindicator.