Exodus 10:17

10:17 So now, forgive my sin this time only, and pray to the Lord your God that he would only ¹  take this death ²  away from me.”

Exodus 15:23

15:23 Then they came to Marah, ³  but they were not able to drink ⁴  the waters of Marah, because ⁵  they were bitter. ⁶  (That is ⁷  why its name was ⁸  Marah.)

Mark 16:18

16:18 they will pick up snakes with their hands, and whatever poison they drink will not harm them; ⁹  they will place their hands on the sick and they will be well.”

[10:17]  ¹ sn Pharaoh’s double emphasis on “only” uses two different words and was meant to deceive. He was trying to give Moses the impression that he had finally come to his senses, and that he would let the people go. But he had no intention of letting them out.

[10:17]  ² sn “Death” is a metonymy that names the effect for the cause. If the locusts are left in the land it will be death to everything that grows.

[15:23]  ³ sn The Hebrew word “Marah” means “bitter.” This motif will be repeated four times in this passage to mark the central problem. Earlier in the book the word had been used for the “bitter herbs” in the Passover, recalling the bitter labor in bondage. So there may be a double reference here – to the bitter waters and to Egypt itself – God can deliver from either.

[15:23]  ⁴ tn The infinitive construct here provides the direct object for the verb “to be able,” answering the question of what they were not able to do.

[15:23]  ⁵ tn The causal clause here provides the reason for their being unable to drink the water, as well as a clear motivation for the name.

[15:23]  ⁶ sn Many scholars have attempted to explain these things with natural phenomena. Here Marah is identified with Ain Hawarah. It is said that the waters of this well are notoriously salty and brackish; Robinson said it was six to eight feet in diameter and the water about two feet deep; the water is unpleasant, salty, and somewhat bitter. As a result the Arabs say it is the worst tasting water in the area (W. C. Kaiser, Jr., “Exodus,” EBC 2:398). But that would not be a sufficient amount of water for the number of Israelites in the first place, and in the second, they could not drink it at all. But third, how did Moses change it?

[15:23]  ⁷ tn The עַל־כֵּן (’al-ken) formula in the Pentateuch serves to explain to the reader the reason for the way things were. It does not necessarily mean here that Israel named the place – but they certainly could have.

[15:23]  ⁸ tn Heb “one called its name,” the expression can be translated as a passive verb if the subject is not expressed.

[16:18]  ⁹ tn For further comment on the nature of this statement, whether it is a promise or prediction, see ExSyn 403-6.