Exodus 1:22

1:22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, “All sons ¹  that are born you must throw ²  into the river, but all daughters you may let live.” ³ 

Exodus 4:9

4:9 And if ⁴  they do not believe even these two signs or listen to you, ⁵  then take ⁶  some water from the Nile and pour it out on the dry ground. The water you take out of the Nile will become blood on the dry ground.” ⁷ 

Psalms 78:44

78:44 He turned their rivers into blood,

and they could not drink from their streams.

Psalms 105:29

105:29 He turned their water into blood,

and killed their fish.

Revelation 8:8

8:8 Then ⁸  the second angel blew his trumpet, and something like a great mountain of burning fire was thrown into the sea. A ⁹  third of the sea became blood,

Revelation 16:3-6

16:3 Next, ¹⁰  the second angel ¹¹  poured out his bowl on the sea and it turned into blood, like that of a corpse, and every living creature that was in the sea died.

16:4 Then ¹²  the third angel ¹³  poured out his bowl on the rivers and the springs of water, and they turned into blood. 16:5 Now ¹⁴  I heard the angel of the waters saying:

“You are just ¹⁵  – the one who is and who was,

the Holy One – because you have passed these judgments, ¹⁶ 

16:6 because they poured out the blood of your saints and prophets,

so ¹⁷  you have given them blood to drink. They got what they deserved!” ¹⁸ 

[1:22]  ¹ tn The substantive כֹּל (kol) followed by the article stresses the entirety – “all sons” or “all daughters” – even though the nouns are singular in Hebrew (see GKC 411 §127.b).

[1:22]  ² tn The form includes a pronominal suffix that reiterates the object of the verb: “every son…you will throw it.”

[1:22]  ³ tn The first imperfect has the force of a definite order, but the second, concerning the girls, could also have the nuance of permission, which may fit better. Pharaoh is simply allowing the girls to live.

[4:9]  ⁴ tn Heb “and it will be if.”

[4:9]  ⁵ tn Heb “listen to your voice.”

[4:9]  ⁶ tn The verb form is the perfect tense with the vav (ו) consecutive; it functions then as the equivalent of the imperfect tense – here as an imperfect of instruction.

[4:9]  ⁷ sn This is a powerful sign, for the Nile was always known as the source of life in Egypt, but now it will become the evidence of death. So the three signs were alike, each consisting of life and death. They would clearly anticipate the struggle with Egypt through the plagues. The point is clear that in the face of the possibility that people might not believe, the servants of God must offer clear proof of the power of God as they deliver the message of God. The rest is up to God.

[8:8]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[8:8]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[16:3]  ¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “next” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:3]  ¹¹ tn Grk “the second”; the referent (the second angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:4]  ¹² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:4]  ¹³ tn Grk “the third”; the referent (the third angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:5]  ¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the somewhat parenthetical nature of the remarks that follow.

[16:5]  ¹⁵ tn Or “righteous,” although the context favors justice as the theme.

[16:5]  ¹⁶ tn Or “because you have judged these things.” The pronoun ταῦτα (tauta) is neuter gender.

[16:6]  ¹⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate that this judgment is the result of what these wicked people did to the saints and prophets.

[16:6]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “They are worthy”; i.e., of this kind of punishment. By extension, “they got what they deserve.”