Exodus 15:10

15:10 But ¹  you blew with your breath, and ²  the sea covered them.

They sank ³  like lead in the mighty waters.

Deuteronomy 11:4

11:4 or what he did to the army of Egypt, including their horses and chariots, when he made the waters of the Red Sea ⁴  overwhelm them while they were pursuing you and he ⁵  annihilated them. ⁶ 

Nehemiah 9:11

9:11 You split the sea before them, and they crossed through ⁷  the sea on dry ground! But you threw their pursuers ⁸  into the depths, like a stone into surging ⁹  waters.

Psalms 78:53

78:53 He guided them safely along,

while the sea covered their enemies.

Habakkuk 3:8-10

3:8 Is the Lord mad at the rivers?

Are you angry with the rivers?

Are you enraged at the sea? ¹⁰ 

Is this why ¹¹  you climb into your horse-drawn chariots, ¹² 

your victorious chariots? ¹³ 

3:9 Your bow is ready for action; ¹⁴ 

you commission your arrows. ¹⁵  Selah.

You cause flash floods on the earth’s surface. ¹⁶ 

3:10 When the mountains see you, they shake.

The torrential downpour sweeps through. ¹⁷ 

The great deep ¹⁸  shouts out;

it lifts its hands high. ¹⁹ 

Habakkuk 3:13

3:13 You march out to deliver your people,

to deliver your special servant. ²⁰ 

You strike the leader of the wicked nation, ²¹ 

laying him open from the lower body to the neck. ²²  Selah.

Hebrews 11:29

11:29 By faith they crossed the Red Sea as if on dry ground, but when the Egyptians tried it, they were swallowed up.

[15:10]  ¹ tn “But” has been supplied here.

[15:10]  ² tn Here “and” has been supplied.

[15:10]  ³ tn The verb may have the idea of sinking with a gurgling sound, like water going into a whirlpool (R. A. Cole, Exodus [TOTC], 124; S. R. Driver, Exodus, 136). See F. M. Cross and D. N. Freedman, “The Song of Miriam,” JNES 14 (1955): 243-47.

[11:4]  ⁴ tn Heb “Reed Sea.” “Reed Sea” (or “Sea of Reeds”) is a more accurate rendering of the Hebrew expression יָם סוּף (yam suf), traditionally translated “Red Sea.” See note on the term “Red Sea” in Exod 13:18.

[11:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[11:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “and the Lord destroyed them to this day” (cf. NRSV); NLT “he has kept them devastated to this very day.” The translation uses the verb “annihilated” to indicate the permanency of the action.

[9:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “in the midst of.”

[9:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “those who pursued them.”

[9:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “mighty.”

[3:8]  ¹⁰ sn The following context suggests these questions should be answered, “Yes.” The rivers and the sea, symbolizing here the hostile nations (v. 12), are objects of the Lord’s anger (vv. 10, 15).

[3:8]  ¹¹ tn Heb “so that.” Here כִּי (ki) is resultative. See the note on the phrase “make it” in 2:18.

[3:8]  ¹² tn Heb “you mount your horses.” As the next line makes clear, the Lord is pictured here as a charioteer, not a cavalryman. Note NRSV here, “when you drove your horses, // your chariots to victory.”

[3:8]  ¹³ tn Or “chariots of deliverance.”

[3:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “[into] nakedness your bow is laid bare.”

[3:9]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “sworn in are the arrow-shafts with a word.” The passive participle of שָׁבַע (shava’), “swear an oath,” also occurs in Ezek 21:23 ET (21:28 HT) referencing those who have sworn allegiance. Here the Lord’s arrows are personified and viewed as having received a commission which they have vowed to uphold. In Jer 47:6-7 the Lord’s sword is given such a charge. In the Ugaritic myths Baal’s weapons are formally assigned the task of killing the sea god Yam.

[3:9]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “[with] rivers you split open the earth.” A literal rendering like “You split the earth with rivers” (so NIV, NRSV) suggests geological activity to the modern reader, but in the present context of a violent thunderstorm, the idea of streams swollen to torrents by downpours better fits the imagery.

[3:10]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “a heavy rain of waters passes by.” Perhaps the flash floods produced by the downpour are in view here.

[3:10]  ¹⁸ sn The great deep, which is to be equated with the sea (vv. 8, 15), is a symbol of chaos and represents the Lord’s enemies.

[3:10]  ¹⁹ sn Lifting the hands here suggests panic and is accompanied by a cry for mercy (see Ps 28:2; Lam 2:19). The forces of chaos cannot withstand the Lord’s power revealed in the storm.

[3:13]  ²⁰ tn Heb “anointed one.” In light of the parallelism with “your people” in the preceding line this could refer to Israel, but elsewhere the Lord’s anointed one is always an individual. The Davidic king is the more likely referent here.

[3:13]  ²¹ tn Heb “you strike the head from the house of wickedness.”

[3:13]  ²² tn Heb “laying bare [from] foundation to neck.”