Ezekiel 16:22

16:22 And with all your abominable practices and prostitution you did not remember the days of your youth when you were naked and bare, kicking around in your blood.

Job 1:21

1:21 He said, “Naked ¹  I came from my mother’s womb, and naked I will return there. ²  The Lord gives, and the Lord takes away. ³  May the name of the Lord ⁴  be blessed!”

The Song of Songs 4:5

4:5 Your two breasts are like two fawns,

twins of the gazelle

grazing among the lilies.

Hosea 2:3

2:3 Otherwise, I will strip her naked,

and expose her like she was when she was born.

I will turn her land into a wilderness

and make her country a parched land,

so that I might kill ⁵  her with thirst.

Hosea 2:9-10

2:9 Therefore, I will take back ⁶  my grain during the harvest time ⁷ 

and my new wine when it ripens; ⁸ 

I will take away my wool and my flax

which I had provided ⁹  in order to clothe her. ¹⁰ 

2:10 Soon ¹¹  I will expose her lewd nakedness ¹²  in front of her lovers,

and no one will be able to rescue her from me! ¹³ 

Revelation 3:17-18

3:17 Because you say, “I am rich and have acquired great wealth, ¹⁴  and need nothing,” but ¹⁵  do not realize that you are wretched, pitiful, ¹⁶  poor, blind, and naked, 3:18 take my advice ¹⁷  and buy gold from me refined by fire so you can become rich! Buy from me ¹⁸  white clothing so you can be clothed and your shameful nakedness ¹⁹  will not be exposed, and buy eye salve ²⁰  to put on your eyes so you can see!

[1:21]  ¹ tn The adjective “naked” is functioning here as an adverbial accusative of state, explicative of the state of the subject. While it does include the literal sense of nakedness at birth, Job is also using it symbolically to mean “without possessions.”

[1:21]  ² sn While the first half of the couplet is to be taken literally as referring to his coming into this life, this second part must be interpreted only generally to refer to his departure from this life. It is parallel to 1 Tim 6:7, “For we have brought nothing into this world and so we cannot take a single thing out either.”

[1:21]  ³ tn The two verbs are simple perfects. (1) They can be given the nuance of gnomic imperfect, expressing what the sovereign God always does. This is the approach taken in the present translation. Alternatively (2) they could be referring specifically to Job’s own experience: “Yahweh gave [definite past, referring to his coming into this good life] and Yahweh has taken away” [present perfect, referring to his great losses]. Many English versions follow the second alternative.

[1:21]  ⁴ sn Some commentators are troubled by the appearance of the word “Yahweh” on the lips of Job, assuming that the narrator inserted his own name for God into the story-telling. Such thinking is based on the assumption that Yahweh was only a national god of Israel, unknown to anyone else in the ancient world. But here is a clear indication that a non-Israelite, Job, knew and believed in Yahweh.

[2:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “and kill her with thirst.” The vav prefixed to the verb (וַהֲמִתִּיהָ, vahamittiha) introduces a purpose/result clause: “in order to make her die of thirst” (purpose) or “and thus make her die of thirst” (result).

[2:9]  ⁶ tn Heb “I will return and I will take.” The two verbs joined with vav conjunction form a verbal hendiadys in which the first verb functions adverbially and the second retains its full verbal sense (GKC 386-87 §120.d, h): אָשׁוּב וְלָקַחְתִּי (’ashuv vÿlaqakhti) means “I will take back.”

[2:9]  ⁷ tn Heb “in its time” (so NAB, NRSV).

[2:9]  ⁸ tn Heb “in its season” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[2:9]  ⁹ tn The words “which I had provided” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons; cf. NIV “intended to cover.”

[2:9]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “to cover her nakedness” (so KJV and many other English versions); TEV “for clothing.”

[2:10]  ¹¹ tn The particle עַתָּה (’attah) often refers to the imminent or the impending future: “very soon” (BDB 774 s.v. עַתָּה 1.b). In Hosea it normally introduces imminent judgment (Hos 2:12; 4:16; 5:7; 8:8, 13; 10:2).

[2:10]  ¹² tn Heb “her lewdness” (so KJV, NIV); NAB, NRSV “her shame.”

[2:10]  ¹³ tn Heb “out of my hand” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV); TEV “save her from my power.”

[3:17]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “and have become rich.” The semantic domains of the two terms for wealth here, πλούσιος (plousios, adjective) and πλουτέω (ploutew, verb) overlap considerably, but are given slightly different English translations for stylistic reasons.

[3:17]  ¹⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[3:17]  ¹⁶ tn All the terms in this series are preceded by καί (kai) in the Greek text, but contemporary English generally uses connectives only between the last two items in such a series.

[3:18]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “I counsel you to buy.”

[3:18]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “rich, and.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation, repeating the words “Buy from me” to make the connection clear for the English reader.

[3:18]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the shame of the nakedness of you,” which has been translated as an attributed genitive like καινότητι ζωῆς (kainothti zwh") in Rom 6:4 (ExSyn 89-90).

[3:18]  ²⁰ sn The city of Laodicea had a famous medical school and exported a powder (called a “Phrygian powder”) that was widely used as an eye salve. It was applied to the eyes in the form of a paste the consistency of dough (the Greek term for the salve here, κολλούριον, kollourion [Latin collyrium], is a diminutive form of the word for a long roll of bread).