Genesis 19:4-5

19:4 Before they could lie down to sleep, ¹  all the men – both young and old, from every part of the city of Sodom – surrounded the house. ²  19:5 They shouted to Lot, ³  “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so we can have sex ⁴  with them!”

Genesis 19:1

The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah

19:1 The two angels came to Sodom in the evening while ⁵  Lot was sitting in the city’s gateway. ⁶  When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face toward the ground.

Genesis 14:24

14:24 I will take nothing ⁷  except compensation for what the young men have eaten. ⁸  As for the share of the men who went with me – Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre – let them take their share.”

Genesis 15:12

15:12 When the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, ⁹  and great terror overwhelmed him. ¹⁰ 

Genesis 22:1-2

The Sacrifice of Isaac

22:1 Some time after these things God tested ¹¹  Abraham. He said to him, “Abraham!” “Here I am!” Abraham ¹²  replied. 22:2 God ¹³  said, “Take your son – your only son, whom you love, Isaac ¹⁴  – and go to the land of Moriah! ¹⁵  Offer him up there as a burnt offering ¹⁶  on one of the mountains which I will indicate to ¹⁷  you.”

Genesis 34:1

Dinah and the Shechemites

34:1 Now Dinah, Leah’s daughter whom she bore to Jacob, went to meet ¹⁸  the young women ¹⁹  of the land.

Romans 1:26-27

1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, ²⁰  1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women ²¹  and were inflamed in their passions ²²  for one another. Men ²³  committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.

[19:4]  ¹ tn The verb שָׁכַב (shakhav) means “to lie down, to recline,” that is, “to go to bed.” Here what appears to be an imperfect is a preterite after the adverb טֶרֶם (terem). The nuance of potential (perfect) fits well.

[19:4]  ² tn Heb “and the men of the city, the men of Sodom, surrounded the house, from the young to the old, all the people from the end [of the city].” The repetition of the phrase “men of” stresses all kinds of men.

[19:5]  ³ tn The Hebrew text adds “and said to him.” This is redundant in English and has not been translated for stylistic reasons.

[19:5]  ⁴ tn The Hebrew verb יָדַע (yada’, “to know”) is used here in the sense of “to lie with” or “to have sex with” (as in Gen 4:1). That this is indeed the meaning is clear from Lot’s warning that they not do so wickedly, and his willingness to give them his daughters instead.

[19:1]  ⁵ tn The disjunctive clause is temporal here, indicating what Lot was doing at the time of their arrival.

[19:1]  ⁶ tn Heb “sitting in the gate of Sodom.” The phrase “the gate of Sodom” has been translated “the city’s gateway” for stylistic reasons.

[14:24]  ⁷ tn The words “I will take nothing” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[14:24]  ⁸ tn Heb “except only what the young men have eaten.”

[15:12]  ⁹ tn Heb “a deep sleep fell on Abram.”

[15:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and look, terror, a great darkness was falling on him.”

[22:1]  ¹¹ sn The Hebrew verb used here means “to test; to try; to prove.” In this passage God tests Abraham to see if he would be obedient. See T. W. Mann, The Book of the Torah, 44-48. See also J. L. Crenshaw, A Whirlpool of Torment (OBT), 9-30; and J. I. Lawlor, “The Test of Abraham,” GTJ 1 (1980): 19-35.

[22:1]  ¹² tn Heb “he”; the referent (Abraham) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:2]  ¹³ tn Heb “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:2]  ¹⁴ sn Take your son…Isaac. The instructions are very clear, but the details are deliberate. With every additional description the commandment becomes more challenging.

[22:2]  ¹⁵ sn There has been much debate over the location of Moriah; 2 Chr 3:1 suggests it may be the site where the temple was later built in Jerusalem.

[22:2]  ¹⁶ sn A whole burnt offering signified the complete surrender of the worshiper and complete acceptance by God. The demand for a human sacrifice was certainly radical and may have seemed to Abraham out of character for God. Abraham would have to obey without fully understanding what God was about.

[22:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “which I will say to.”

[34:1]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “went out to see.” The verb “to see,” followed by the preposition בְּ (bÿ), here has the idea of “look over.” The young girl wanted to meet these women and see what they were like.

[34:1]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “daughters.”

[1:26]  ²⁰ tn Grk “for their females exchanged the natural function for that which is contrary to nature.” The term χρῆσις (crhsi") has the force of “sexual relations” here (L&N 23.65).

[1:27]  ²¹ tn Grk “likewise so also the males abandoning the natural function of the female.”

[1:27]  ²² tn Grk “burned with intense desire” (L&N 25.16).

[1:27]  ²³ tn Grk “another, men committing…and receiving,” continuing the description of their deeds. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.